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"New Era clipping",,,,,,"New Era",,1870-03-17,,,,,,,,,"Young, James B., active 1869-1877; Political conventions",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,"Tennessee State Convention of Colored Citizens.
To the Editor of the New Era:
The colored citizens of Tennessee held a State Convention, in Nashville, on the 21st, 22d, and 23d of February last. There were over one hundred delegates in attendance from forty-three counties. Abram Smith, Esq., of Nashville, was chosen temporary President of the Convention, and John M. Shelton appointed Secretary. Committees on credentials and permanent organization were appointed. During the absence of the committees the Convention was addressed by George Carter, Rev. Moses R. Johnston, Adam Young of Davidson, Dr. J. B. Young of Knox, C. M. Johnson of Sumner, Joseph Wilcox of Montgomery, and T. M. King of Hamilton. The report of the Committee on Credentials was adopted, and ordered to be made the roll of the Convention. The Committee on Permanent Organization made the following report; which was adopted:
J. B. Young, of Knox, President.
[...]
Much important business was transacted by the Convention. The many wrongs that are being perpetrated daily upon the colored people in Tennessee were reported in their true light, and a committee of four was appointed to proceed to Washington and lay all the facts before the President and Congress of the United States, and ask for some redress. The committee consists of the following gentlemen, viz: J. B. Young, of Knox; W. T. Kennedy, of Shelby, Rev. Moses R. Johnston, of Davidson, and J. C. Davis, of Jefferson, who have gone to Washington, as directed, with affidavits and petitions. The Convention was a complete success, and many very able colored men, of which any State might be proud, were in attendance as delegates. S.",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,"conventions,jb young",https://msstate-exhibits.libraryhost.com/files/original/285ea101b8ce230dca55b29f3e702cdc.PNG,Text,"Against All Odds: The First Black Legislators in Mississippi ",1,0
"Weekly Panola Star clipping",,,,,,"Weekly Panola Star",,1872-09-14,,,,,,,,,"Bowles, Countelow M.; Hill, James, 1846-1903; Political conventions",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,"The Radical Convention.
HOWE NOMINATED FOR CONGRESS AND HILL FOR ELECTOR.
[From the Grenada Sentinel.]
The Radical convention to nominate a candidate for Congress to represent the second district met here last Thursday. It was called to order by Hon. Marion Campbell, of DeSoto, and organized by electing C. M. Bowles, colored, of Bolivar, as temporary chairman, and Sheriff Johnson, of Sunflower, as temporary secretary.
[...]
On reassembling, the committee on credentials reported Avery, of Tallahatchie, for permanent president, and Sheriff Johnson for permanent secretary. The ballot then began, the contest being between Howe, of Panola, Harris, of DeSoto, and Gill, of Marshall. After many unsuccessful votes to elect and to adjourn, and to do many other things, the convention, tired out and bored to death, finally, after midnight, succeeded in carrying an adjournment to Friday morning.
After eighteen or nineteen ballots Gill was withdrawn, and a colored man named Hill, from Marshall county, was put in nomination. He only carried Gill's strength, and the convention again adjourned for fifteen minutes.
After several well managed skirmishes, in which the negroes got the worse, on the twenty-fourth ballot, A. R. Howe, of Panola county, received twenty-eight votes, being six more than necessary, and he was declared duly nominated. James Hill, of Marshall, was next nominated by acclamation elector of the second district. Resolutions of many kinds were passed, and the convention shortly afterwards adjourned to the several whisky shops and individually got very happy.",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,"bowles,conventions,hill",https://msstate-exhibits.libraryhost.com/files/original/96c9f03d74a4fefdb3548ad8028366c4.png,Text,"Against All Odds: The First Black Legislators in Mississippi ",1,0
"Weekly Clarion-Ledger clipping",,,,,,Clarion-Ledger,,1899-02-02,,,,,,,,,"Hill, James, 1846-1903; Lynch, John Roy, 1847-1939; Atwood, L. K. (Louis Kossuth), 1850-1929; Mollison, Willis Elbert; Political conventions",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,"THE REPUBLICANS IN SESSION.
ASSEMBLED AT NOON IN THE FEDERAL BUILDING.
Two Factional Committees Held Executive Sessions - Joint Meeting Now Deliberating.
By far the most important meeting the Republican party of Mississippi has held for many years assembled in the Federal court room at noon today.
It is at present impossible to tell what will be the result of ""the assembly called in the interests of harmony,"" but it looks very much like a compromise will be effected. The thirty delegates are still in session and it is thought they will adopt resolutions of brotherly love before nightfall.
The leading Republicans of the State are in attendance and all day long the lobbies of the Federal building have been thronged with politicians. Several days ago Chairman L. B. Moseley, of the Lynch faction, appointed a list of fifteen delegates to attend the meeting and participate in the deliberations. Chairman A. M. Lea, of the Hill faction, appointed a similar number.
These two committees met in separate rooms at noon today in executive session to decide upon a plan of action and terms of compromise to be proposed in the open assembly. The sessions lasted about one hour each and at their conclusion it was impossible to learn what either had decided upon. The Hill faction was represented by the following delegates: James Hill, Jackson; J. M. Leverett, Winona; W. D. Frazee, Okolona; C. H. Hovis, Ripley; Wesley Crayton, Vicksburg; Chas. Rosenbaum, DeKalb; Emile Engbarth, Rodney; Thos. B. Leland, Water Valley; Sam P. Heart, Clarksdale; T. V. McAllister, Vicksburg; A. J. Cook, Oxford; R. L. Johnson, Brandon; J. W. Bell, Pontotoc; Henry Mayer, Vicksburg, and G. E. Matthews, of Jackson.
The Lynch faction was represented as follows: M. A. Montgomery, Oxford; F. W. Collins, Summit; W. E. Molison, Vicksburg; C. A. Simpson, Pass Christian; L. K. Atwood, Jackson; A. J. Hyde, Meridian; Chas. Morgan, Jackson; R. A. Simmons, Richland; H. Kernaghan, Jackson; John R. Lynch, Natchez; E. F. Brennan, Brookhaven; J. H. Carr, Coffeeville; T. I. Key, Ocean Springs; L. J. Piernas, Bay St. Louis, and Thos. Richardson, of Port Gibson.
The proceedings were unanimous to a surprising degree. When the two delegations of fifteen members each got together the hatchet was buried and within a very short time all necessary arrangements were completed. Hon. A. M. Lea, United States district attorney, was unanimously elected chairman of the State executive committee. The resignations of the members of the two old committees were then called for and tendered and the convention elected a new State executive committee composed of fifty members, twenty-five being from each faction. L. K. Atwood was chosen vice-chairman and C. A. Simpson secretary. Wesley Crayton was elected treasurer.
An executive committee of eight members was elected composed of L. B. Moseley, chairman; E. E. Perkins, vice-chairman; T. V. McAllister, secretary, and W. A. Montgomery, F. W. Collins, A. M. Lea, L. K. Atwood and G. E. Matthews.
After the meeting Hill and Lynch both expressed themselves highly satisfied with the result. No plans have yet been formed to put out a ticket at the coming State election, but it is thought that a meeting of the committee will be called within the next few weeks to discuss the matter.",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,"atwood,conventions,hill,jr lynch,mollison",https://msstate-exhibits.libraryhost.com/files/original/861541558c393e5e69af258bda50e1ba.PNG,Text,"Against All Odds: The First Black Legislators in Mississippi ",1,0
"Times-Picayune clipping",,,,,,Times-Picayune,,1872-04-12,,,,,,,,,"Carter, Hannibal C., 1835-1904; Lynch, James, 1839-1872; Piles, James H.; Johnson, J. H., active 1872-1875; Bruce, Blanche Kelso, 1841-1898; Davis, A. K. (Alexander Kelso), -1884; Spelman, James J., 1841-1894; Jacobs, Henry P., 1825-1899; Mallory, William H.; Political conventions",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,"National Colored Convention.
Thursday, April 11 - Second Day.
The Convention was called to order at 10 A.M., by the temporary Chairman, Lieut. Gov. Pinchback.
Prayer by the Rev. C. H. Thompson.
The Committee on Credentials then reported the following additional delegates: Hon. James Lynch, Capt. H. C. Carter, James H. Piles, J. H. Johnson, B. K. Bruce, L. J. Scurlock, A. R. Davis, -- Hurton, James Spilman, H. P. Jacobs, W. Mallory, Joseph Smithen, Mississippi; J. C. J. Rivers, Maryland; Chas. H. Langston, David Gordon, Capt. Wm. D. Mathews, Kansas; Geo. Stevenson, Kentucky.",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,"ak davis,bruce,carter,conventions,jacobs,james lynch,jh johnson,mallory,piles,spelman",https://msstate-exhibits.libraryhost.com/files/original/b99503de13b8658ef8efbb0a553daaf7.PNG,Text,"Against All Odds: The First Black Legislators in Mississippi ",1,0
"Wichita Weekly Beacon clipping",,,,,,"Wichita Weekly Beacon",,1892-10-07,,,,,,,,,"Carter, Hannibal C., 1835-1904; Harrison, Benjamin, 1833-1901",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,"COLORED VOTERS.
They Will Meet at Indianapolis and Denounce President Harrison.
INDIANAPOLIS, Oct. 1. Colored men from all over the country were here attending the meeting of the Colored Men's National Protective association. The association took a decided stand against the republican party. The committee on resolutions, composed of E. E. Cooper of this city, Hannibal C. Carter of Chicago and S. L. Marsh of Des Moines, presented the following resolution, which was adopted:
""Resolved, That the National Colored Men's Protective association of America, while in session in Indianapolis, Ind., September 23, 1892, denounce the candidacy and administration of Benjamin Harrison and his conduct toward the Afro-Americans of the United States as being unworthy of the support of the colored voters of the country.",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,"carter,conventions",https://msstate-exhibits.libraryhost.com/files/original/d0905fb21bc12cf0a2ed67512d560b8e.PNG,Text,"Against All Odds: The First Black Legislators in Mississippi ",1,0
"Weekly Mississippi Pilot clipping",,,,,,"Weekly Mississippi Pilot",,1870-12-24,,,,,,,,,"Dixon, James M., active 1870-1873; Foote, William Henderson, 1843-1883; Wade, F. Dora; Yazoo County (Miss.); Morgan, A. T. (Albert Talmon)",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,"Proceedings of the Republican Nominating Convention of Yazoo County.
In accordance with a call previously made, the Republicans of this county met in the Court House, at Yazoo City, at 12 o'clock M., this day, for the purpose of nominating a candidate to fill the unexpired term in the lower House, occasioned by the death of the Hon. F. E. Franklin. Capt. S. G. Bedwell, Chairman of the Executive Committee, called the convention to order, and, after stating the object of the meeting, Senator A. T. Morgan was called to the chair, who, after a brief allusion to the services, character and abilities of the late Hon. F. E. Franklin, proceeded to the business of organization.
On motion, the Hon. W. H. Foote was elected secretary, and the convention proceeded to business.
Mr. Charles Smith moved that the convention now proceed to a choice by acclamation. Which motion was amended by Sheriff Hilliard, that the convention proceed to an informal ballot, to test the sense of the convention, and adopted.
The Hon. P. P. Bailey then took the floor, and in an eloquent speech of some length, urged upon the convention the necessity of selecting a man of tried principles and commanding ability.
Nominations being in order, Capt. S. G. Bedwell placed in nomination James M. Dixon, Esq.
Rev. J. P. Robertson placed in nomination F. Dora Wade, Esq.
Mr. Chas. Smith placed in nomination Hon. P. P. Bailey, and made an eloquent and stirring speech, in his support.
At this juncture Senator Morgan left the chair, and taking the floor, placed in nomination the name of Gen'l W. R. Miles, and supported his nomination in a speech of some length, urging the necessity of choosing men of commanding influence and ability, and claiming that the day was passed for politicians to urge their claims to the support of the majority in this county, on the grounds of sectionalism or of past party affiliation or association; that the civil and political rights of people of color were secure beyond doubt or possible legal question; because the colored man was becoming a power in the land which could not be overthrown or crushed without crushing the nation, and he very much doubted the ability or disposition of the late rebels to destroy the Constitution of the United States, or again attempt to withdraw from under its protection, or to ignore the obligations which it imposed. He said if any person, other than one of color, was to be the choice of the Convention, he hoped the choice might fall on Gen. Miles.
Mr. Chas. Smith withdrew the name of the Hon. P. P. Bailey, whereupon, Senator Morgan withdrew the name of Gen. Miles. The vote ordering an informal ballot, was then, on motion, reconsidered, and the convention proceeded to a count by a division of the house. Mr. F. Dora Wade received the majority vote of the Convention;
Whereupon, Capt. Bidwell moved that the choice of Mr. Wade be made unanimous. Loud calls were made for Wade, in obedience to which the nominee came forward, was introduced by the Chairman, and after expressing his thanks in a few brief words, did all any candidate could be expected to do, and withdrew followed by the cheers and hurrahs of numbers.
On motion of Capt. Bidwell the following resolution was carried unanimously:
Resolved, That it is the sense of this Convention that the members of the Legislature from this county be, and they are hereby requested and instructed to oppose what is known as the ""Levee Scheme"" of this State, and particularly so far as the same effects Yazoo county.
On motion, The Convention adjourned in the best feeling and fully confident of victory.
W. H. FOOTE, Secretary,
Nominating Convention.",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,"conventions,dixon,foote,morgan,wade,yazoo",https://msstate-exhibits.libraryhost.com/files/original/e988d157e4a211b8cd3de6a5ee8a8361.PNG,Text,"Against All Odds: The First Black Legislators in Mississippi ",1,0
"Vicksburg Herald clipping",,,,,,"Vicksburg Herald",,1881-08-23,,,,,,,,,"Edwards, Weldon W., active 1872-1884",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,"Promptly at 12 m., Hon. W. W. Edwards took the chair, and read the call made by the Republican Executive Committee, at a prior day, for the holding of this Convention. Mr. Edwards after a few remarks called the attention of the Convention first to the election of a temporary chairman.
Mr. Belt submitted the name of Hon. W. W. Edwards for temporary chairman.
Hon. James M. Gibson then submitted the name of Hon. Wesley Creighton as a substitute for that of W. W. Edwards.
It was then moved that Mr. Gibson's motion be laid on the table.
On this motion a vote was taken by a rising vote; same was lost.
Gen. Fitzgerald then moved as a substitute for the preceding motions that the Convention proceed to the election of a temporary Chairman, by ballot. Carried.
The following was the result of the vote: Wesley Creighton 30, W. W. Edwards 20.
Mr. Creighton was declared duly elected, and took the chair, and made a few well-timed remarks.
[...]
The committee reported as follows:
For Permanent Chairman, R. F. Beck; J. T. Montgomery, First Vice-President; J. W. Short, Secretary.
A motion to adopt this report called forth considerable debate, and met with great opposition. W. W. Edwards spoke first in opposition to the adoption, and strongly favored the retention of Wesley Creighton as permanent Chairman. He thought as Mr. Creighton had been elected temporary Chairman, it was but right that he should be elected permanent Chairman.
Gen. Fitzgerald, as chairman of the committee, spoke in reply to Mr. Edwards, and advocated the adoption of the report, and the selection of Mr. Beck. ""The selection of Mr. Beck,"" said he ""was made upon the understanding that Mr. Creighton consented to it,"" but, said the gentleman, ""if this report is obnoxious to the Convention, the committee will retire and select some other name that will meet the approval of the Convention.""
Mr. Beck, in a personal explanation, said he was not a candidate in opposition to Mr. Creighton, but that he consented to the report of his name upon the ground that he understood Mr. Creighton did not wish the permanent Chairmanship, but was satisfied with the temporary Chairmanship.
The report, upon a vote, was almost unanimously adopted, and the Hon. R. F. Beck was declared duly elected permanent Chairman.",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,"conventions,edwards",https://msstate-exhibits.libraryhost.com/files/original/81693c36b99f1626bb56afcb2c2f8b21.PNG,Text,"Against All Odds: The First Black Legislators in Mississippi ",1,0
"Canton Mail clipping",,,,,,"Canton Mail",,1875-08-28,,,,,,,,,"Foote, William Henderson, 1843-1883; Gray, William, 1841-1919; Handy, Alfred Newton, -1913; Political conventions",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,"The Radical Congressional Convention.
Last Friday, the 20th inst., was one of the darkest days in all the history of Madison county. At an early hour, in fact a day before, the delegates from the different counties began to pour in. There was white man and nigger, and the cross between the two; there was the carpet-bagger and scalawag - murderer and thief, high born and low born; men who were once respectable and respected, and others, who, never were and never will be. At 12 o'clock sharp, the Convention was called to order, and the color line and stench drawn by electing the Rev. (?) Senator Gray, of Washington, chairman, and Chancery Clerk Foote, of Yazoo, secretary, both Warner men - and here the devilment and rascality was immediately begun. A Committee on Credentials was appionted by the Chair, mainly of Warner men, and well it did its work in the interest of that bow-legged, marlplot and trickster. The day was occupied in filibustering and maneuvering, resulting, after several recommittals of reports and recesses in the throwing out of the Niles delegations from Holmes and Newton and the substituting in their stead, of the Warner delegations from those counties, whereby the latter's nomination was secured. When the Niles men found that they were outgeneraled they bolted, leaving the Warnerites masters of the situation and jubilant over their spoils. By sharp practice, Warner and his henchmen numbering eighteen, outgeneraled and put to flight Niles and his cohorts to the number of twenty-four. Conspicuous on the Warner side, voting and actively exerting themselves were Alfred Handy and Eugene Lieutwiler, neither of whom were delegates to the Convention, yet they no doubt thought it was all right and altogether honest to lie and steal, for they practically lied when they stood up to be counted with those who were entitled to vote, and they virtually stole when they changed the result of the ballots for Warner and against Niles. Yet these two men are proud of what they did, and take great glory to themselves for the part they have taken in the interest of their master. What is to be the result of the bolt we do not know. We understand that the Warner men say it will all come right, that, the bolters will come back, while many of the latter say they never will, no, never. We will see.",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,"alfred handy,conventions,foote,gray",https://msstate-exhibits.libraryhost.com/files/original/3431136ba4dc01e938dc9520ea3c6fe2.PNG,Text,"Against All Odds: The First Black Legislators in Mississippi ",1,0
"Weekly Mississippi Pilot clipping",,,,,,"Weekly Mississippi Pilot",,1875-08-21,,,,,,,,,"Gray, William, 1841-1919; Ross, Jacob Allen; Stites, Doctor; Webster, John D., -1887; Horton, Gilbert, -1894; Washington County (Miss.); Political conventions",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,"GREENVILLE, August 14, 1875.
To the Editors of the Pilot:
Pursuant to call, the Republicans of Washington County assembled at the court-house in Mass Convention. Hon. Wm. Gray called the meeting to order, and after explaining the object of the gathering, on motion, Wm. Gray was elected Chairman, and E. Stafford was chosen Secretary.
The Chair announced that the Convention was ready for business.
On motion of J. D. Werles, a committee of five was appointed to report names of suitable persons to represent Washington county in the Republican State Convention at Jackson, on the 25th inst., and in the Congressional Convention of the 4th District, at Canton, on the 20th - the same delegates to act in both Conventions.
On the retirement of the committee, Judge Stafford was called on to address the Convention, which he did in one of his best efforts, and which was well received, and had a marked effect for the union and harmony of the party.
The committee reported the following as delegates, which report was unanimously adopted: Wm. Gray, C. C. Shackleford, J. D. Werles, F. D. Webster, J. Allen Ross.
On motion, a committee of five was appointed by the Chair, to whom all resolutions were referred.
A committee of five was also appointed to report the names of twenty suitable persons as delegates to the county Convention from District No. 3, said Convention to be holden on the 13th of September, for the purpose of nominating candidates for the Legislature and county offices.
The following are the delegates reported by the committee, and chosen by the Convention: Wm. Gray, Andrew Johnson, C. W. Clarke, A. W. Shadd, A. G. Pearce, J. W. Piles, Doctor Stites, Richard Walbrow, Chas. Thomas, D. E. Young, Edmond Barr, Julius Landan, W. H. Young, Chas. Bell, J. D. Webster, J. Allen Ross, M. R. Pierce, G. W. Walker, Gilbert Horton, Robert Haynes.
The committee on resolutions reported the following, and after considerable animated discussion on a motion to strike out the 3d and 4th resolutions, the report was adopted:
Resolved, That we, the Republicans of Washington county, are opposed to anything that looks like drawing the Color Line in politics; that we regard it as destructive to the interest and prosperity of both races, and also of the State.
Resolved, That we will support no man for office but men who are honest and competent.
Resolved, That we condemn all disorderly conduct on the part of any citizen, and we hereby pledge the officers of the county our earnest support and assistance to suppress the same.
Resolved, That the Delegates to the Congressional Convention are hereby instructed to vote first, last, and all the time, for A. Warner for member of Congress from the 4th District.
Resolved, That the delegates to the State Convention are hereby instructed to cast their votes for M. L. Holland for State Treasurer, and C. W. Clarke for District Attorney, for the 11th Judicial Districts.
Resolved, That it is the sense of this meeting that Wm. Gray be the candidate of the Republican party of this county for Sheriff, and the delegates of this Beat be instructed to cast the vote of the precinct for him.
Resolved, That the Convention instruct for no other candidates for office, as there are many candidates for the various offices, and that they may all have an equal chance in the nominating Convention.
Resolved, That the thanks of this Convention be tendered to Hon. Wm. Gray, Chairman, and Hon. E. Stafford, Secretary, for the able and impartial manner with which they have discharged their duties as officers of this Convention; and that the proceedings of this meeting be published in all the Republican papers of this State.
The Convention was addressed by Wm. Gray, E. Stafford, O. C. French, C. W. Clarke, J. D. Webster, and others, in stirring speeches; and though great enthusiasm prevailed, the meeting was a model of good order and harmony.
On motion, the Convention adjourned.
WM. GRAY, Chm'n.
E. STAFFORD, Sec'y.",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,"conventions,gray,horton,ross,stites,washington county,webster",https://msstate-exhibits.libraryhost.com/files/original/6d24809d7ec159be741e26130dffcbdd.PNG,Text,"Against All Odds: The First Black Legislators in Mississippi ",1,0
"Weekly Mississippi Pilot clipping",,,,,,"Weekly Mississippi Pilot",,1870-12-17,,,,,,,,,"Handy, Alfred Newton; Spelman, James J.; Madison County (Miss.); Political conventions",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,"Republican Convention in Madison County.
CANTON, MISS., Dec. 12th, 1870.
MR. EDITOR: The Republican County Convention assembled here to-day, to nominate one Representative, to fill the vacancy occasioned by the resignation of the Hon. W. Ben Cunningham.
The convention was called to order at 12 m. by Col. Spelman, of the Executive Committee, who nominated Senator Warner as Chairman, which motion prevailed. Senator Warner on taking the chair made an earnest and eloquent speech, which was frequently interrupted by vociferous cheers. Mr. Alexander Fielding was elected Secretary. Nominations being in order, Col. Spelman in a terse and vigorous speech nominated Alfred Handy, which was received amid wild cheers of enthusiasm. Mr. Isham Garret and Dr. S. H. H. Toles were also placed in nomination. The Convention proceeded to a ballot, and Mr. Handy was elected almost unanimously. Mr. Handy thanked the Convention for the honor conferred, in a neat speech, and promised to labor incessantly for the advancement of true Republicanism. Dr. Toles followed, after which the convention adjourned to meet again at the polls on the 20th, to complete their work.",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,"alfred handy,conventions,madison,spelman",https://msstate-exhibits.libraryhost.com/files/original/7271ea54d71a1e1fbe00293454212096.PNG,Text,"Against All Odds: The First Black Legislators in Mississippi ",1,0