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Against All Odds: The First Black Legislators in Mississippi
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DeeDee Baldwin<br /><em>Assistant Professor, History Research Librarian</em><br /><a href="mailto:dbaldwin@library.msstate.edu">dbaldwin@library.msstate.edu</a>
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MISSISSIPPI BOURBONS.<br /><br />HOW THEY BULLDOZE AT FUNERAL<br /><br />Some historian of A.D. 1984, turning over a trunkful of old letters and worn and musty newspapers of the winter of 1883-'84, may wonder why, when the body of a U.S. officer shot to death by a mob, recovered by his friends, and laid in the church awaiting burial, the insignia of Masonic rank laid upon the coffin and crowds of the brotherhood and friends waiting to pay the last rites, the officiating minister as he rose in his pulpit should be greeted by the Mayor of the city, a posse at his back, with: "Say what you've got to say over that corpse mighty quick, and mind <em>what</em> you say, too. And if you colored Masons form a procession, we've got two hundred muskets over to our lodge, and there'll be somebody else killed."<br /><br />Well, we wonder too. Are we living in the dark ages? Has the world gone backwards? What sort of people compose this American Union? Who was this United States officer? Let us see. <a href="http://msstate-exhibits.libraryhost.com/exhibits/show/legislators/william-henderson-foote--yazoo">William H. Foote</a> was Deputy Collector of Internal Revenue in Yazoo City, Mississippi. Of large and powerful physique, standing five feet nine, and though a few drops of African blood coursed in his veins, he called himself a Southern gentleman, boasting his descent from the first families in Mississippi. He was brave, shrewd and intelligent; a freeman in ante-bellum days, and apparently liked and respected by the Yazoo City people. He had served two terms in the Mississippi legislature, as a republican, and, for some years had charge of the branch office of the Internal Revenue of Yazoo City.<br /><br />It appears from the statement of eyewitnesses that <a href="http://msstate-exhibits.libraryhost.com/exhibits/show/legislators/william-henderson-foote--yazoo">Mr. Foote</a>, and some friends, had been to the church which they attended, arranging a Christmas tree. The presents were hung, the debris removed, and all things made ready for the evening, they locked the door and made their way home. In the street they came upon a white man and a Negro having an altercation, and, as usual, a crowd had collected about the combatants.<br /><br />To say that <a href="http://msstate-exhibits.libraryhost.com/exhibits/show/legislators/william-henderson-foote--yazoo">Mr. Foote</a>, or his friends were in any way concerned in the riot is utterly false and untrue. Collector <a href="http://msstate-exhibits.libraryhost.com/exhibits/show/legislators/william-henderson-foote--yazoo">Foote</a> fearlessly walked into the crowd, believing that he had influence with both races, and his desire was to be a peacemaker; but if the blessing of the peacemaker is his, it is in that world were the proud rebel Bourbon <em>may</em> find things the reverse of matters on this sphere. Shots were fired and three white men killed, Collector <a href="http://msstate-exhibits.libraryhost.com/exhibits/show/legislators/william-henderson-foote--yazoo">Foote</a> knocked down and beaten on the head with a baseball club and dragged to jail.<br /><br />For four days the Coroner's jury sat on an inquest, and then the result was made public, declaring <a href="http://msstate-exhibits.libraryhost.com/exhibits/show/legislators/william-henderson-foote--yazoo">Mr. Foote</a> and other Negroes guilty of murder! It is an axiom in the South, that, given a crime committed and a Negro to charge it upon, there is no further search made for the guilty party, though that Negro may have been a mile away from the scene, and so far as that crime is concerned, he may first hear of it when arrested.<br /><br />But to return: on the evening of the 29th of December, 1883, the mob of "poah wite trash" marched up to the jail, every mother's son armed to the teeth. They overpowered the guards; they obtained the keys, and took possession of the jail, and brutally hung one of the four doomed men.<br /><br />Then they went to the cell where Collector <a href="http://msstate-exhibits.libraryhost.com/exhibits/show/legislators/william-henderson-foote--yazoo">Foote</a> was confined, but the brave fellow, with death grinning at his elbow, meant to choose his way of exit from earth. He collected all the small movables in the room, courting a bullet rather than the degradation of the rope.<br /><br />The first man who entered was knocked down. The prisoner fought like a tiger; the light was thrown down and extinguished, and, in the dark, the rebels fired shot after shot till the struggle ceased. When the lights were brought in, it was found that Foote still breathed. Six more shots were fired, his head being literally shot away before the rebels were sure that he was dead!<br /><br />The third Negro was hung, the fourth shot to death, and the mad, howling rioting crew of murders retired, their glorious work completed - they had barbarously murdered four helpless, unarmed prisoners.<br /><br />The friends of Collector <a href="http://msstate-exhibits.libraryhost.com/exhibits/show/legislators/william-henderson-foote--yazoo">Foote</a> obtained the mutilated body and carried it to Vicksburg, where it lay in state all day. It was proposed to have a large procession of the different lodges of Masons, - for the deceased Collector was a Mason of high rank, - attend the funeral, and appropriate ceremonies at the church and at the grave, but after the threats uttered, the funeral was, of necessity, very quiet and unostentatious.<br /><br />Now, here is an innocent man, and an United States officer, mobbed and murdered for committing a murder he knew no more about than the Khedive of Egypt. The last sad rites of respect paid to the remains by the friends, forbidden by those comrades of the mob dressed in a little brief authority, because this man was a Republican, and though boasting the best blood of Mississippi ran in his veins there were a few drops of African also, and his complexion wore the livery of the burnished sun.<br /><br />We have fondly supposed that "Vox populi, vox Dei" was an indisputable proposition, one of the pillars of the American Constitution, but we are getting converted to old Dick Taylor's new reading, that in the South the proverb should run "Vox populi, vox <em>diaboli</em>."
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<em>People's Advocate</em> clipping
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<a href="http://msstate-exhibits.libraryhost.com/exhibits/show/legislators/william-henderson-foote--yazoo">Foote, William Henderson</a>; <span>Yazoo County (Miss.); Lynching--Mississippi</span>
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People's Advocate
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1884-02-09
foote
lynching
violence
yazoo
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Against All Odds: The First Black Legislators in Mississippi
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DeeDee Baldwin<br /><em>Assistant Professor, History Research Librarian</em><br /><a href="mailto:dbaldwin@library.msstate.edu">dbaldwin@library.msstate.edu</a>
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AN ADDRESS<br />from<br />Colored Voters to Colored Voters.<br /><br />JACKSON, Sept. 30, 1875.<br /><br />Friends and Fellow-Citizens:<br /><br />We take the liberty of addressing this letter to you because the occasion which calls it forth is full of momentous interest to all of us. We desire to arouse you, if you are not already aroused, to an acute sense of the importance of the crisis which we, as a race, have reached in this State; and at the same time to take counsel together as to the best and surest means of averting the danger which so seriously threatens our liberties as American citizens.<br /><br />We know, as we pen these lines, that the shallow thinker, and the willful demagogue, will taunt us with drawing the "Color Line," merely because we address this letter specially to colored men. But you will perceive that this is not a political letter, in the strict party sense, but rather an appeal to that class of the people of Mississippi who have much more at stake than the mere principles or policy of a party organization. The matters involved in the present political canvass, which concern us as a race, extend much deeper, and rise far above, mere party lines. Our civil rights and privileges as freemen are at issue. It is a melancholy fact, but nevertheless a fact, that in every election which has been held at the South since the ballot was placed in our hands, all that we have, all that we are, and all that we hope to be, have been thrown into the scales, to be contended for at the polls. It is in this respect that our case differs so materially from that of our white fellow citizens. A Democrat cannot apply an unfriendly act of legislation to a white Republican without subjecting himself to the same ordeal. Not so with us, as has been proven by every Southern State that has come under the control of the Democracy since the war. It is in this respect, then, that our case is peculiar, and it is for this reason that this letter is addressed especially to you; and not for the purpose of suggesting or encouraging the formation of race lines in a party organization. The Republican party is proud of its white members, and has never yet failed to honor them. We boast of some of the best men that ever trod the soil of Mississippi, and to them we owe a debt of gratitude, never to be forgotten.<br /><br />We write in the light of experience and actual demonstration, when we say that the success of the Democratic party at the ensuing election, frenzied as it is with hate and rancor, will, to all intents and purposes, sound the death knell of all the hopes that the colored man has indulged of educating, elevating and improving his race in this State. Once under the iron heel of Democracy, the colored man will at once sink back to the status he held in 1865 - free in name, but not in fact - poor, ignorant and helpless, hedged in by unfriendly laws, which he will have no power to circumvent - a "hewer of wood and a drawer of water" forever. His children will grow up as they did in the days of chattel slavery, untaught, and uncared for until they become large enough to take the places of their parents, to "hew more wood and draw more water." And thus on, from generation to generation, down to the end of time, or until it shall please a merciful Providence to terminate their career on earth in utter extinction. Look, for illustration, at the miserable, down-trodden, wretched colored people of Georgia. Hopelessly in debt to their employers, with no rights respected by the courts, their means of education, the very mockery of a school system, crushed and discouraged, it is said that at the last election in that State at least 30,000 colored men did not have the heart to go to the polls and vote. So, you see that, when the reins of power once pass into Democratic hands, it amounts in the end to practical disfranchisement, as far as you are concerned.<br /><br />Do you ask if this will be so in Mississippi? Reasoning from analogy, that is, by supposing that the same kind of people will do the same thing under similar circumstances, you may know it will be so. But we are not left to a plausible conjecture on this subject. Read the Acts of the Legislature of 1865, after you were emancipated, but before you were voters. Under the operation of laws provided for you then, your condition would have been far worse than that of slavery. Examine the journals of the Legislature since that time, clear down to the present date, and see for yourselves if the Democratic members ever supported a measure that was intended for the benefit of the colored people. On the contrary, see if they have not, on all occasions, in season and out of season, resorted to every means to thwart and obstruct such measures.<br /><br />And, indeed, it is sad to think and know that this is so! Nearly every one of us were slaves to these Southern people. Before the war many of us have lived and basked in the sunshine of the affection of the "old master" and of the "young master," of the "old mistress" and of the pride of the household, the blooming "young miss," with all the fondness of trusting children. With many of us this affection and veneration amounted to little less than idolatry. We know that they cannot find it in their hearts to believe that we hate them now. Are they who went to the war and left their wives and little ones in our care at home - they who confided to our keeping, everything they held dear on earth, at a time when we knew that our freedom was trembling in the balance - they whose scalding tears fell upon our clasped hands as they pressed everything into our charge while they should be gone - are <em>they</em> our enemies? They remember that we were true to them and theirs throughout that bitter trial, and when they came home they found us there, true to our trust, and the first to welcome them at the gate. We are not a bloody-minded people. We were framed for peace, but our blood would have been ready to gush out upon the ground, had it been necessary to shed it in defense of our sacred charge. Were any holy promises made which were to be fulfilled after the war was over? We never speak of them now, but we have not forgotten! Do we hate them? No, a thousand times no!<br /><br />At the close of the war we were the poorest people that ever had an existence in a civilized community. We not only had no "local habitation," but we had no legitimate "name."<br /><br />The Government of the United States made us free, and, in due course of time, invested us with all the rights and privileges of citizens. This was thought to be necessary in order that we might have the means of self-protection, to some extent at least, in the struggle for existence. Among these rights and privileges was the right of suffrage. Clothed with the right to vote, we went forth, poor in purse, but strong in muscle, and inhaled for the first time the air of heaven as freemen. We demanded no pay for the long years of service as slaves! We made no charge for the weary watching and anxious cares which weighed us down during the four years of war! We begged for no lands, nor mules, nor money! We were content to go forth into the world as freemen, asking for nothing, and expecting nothing, in that unequal start, but a fair and equal chance in the battle of life! With all these tender recollections crowding upon us, it bleeds the very heart of us to think that our "old masters," and the "young masters" who have been nursed in our arms, would deprive us of the privilege of casting our votes as we please without the risk of being shot to death like dogs. We still hope that this coldness and ill-feeling toward us is more the result of sectional animosity, and party rancor, than of personal hostility to us as a race, and we confidently look forward to a returning sense of justice, and right reason, when perfect amity and concord will bear sway once more.<br /><br />But, colored men, that time is not now. Our old friends and former masters are, for the present, under the control of a set of desperate political leaders who have "fired their hearts" again, and have "fired" them this time against us. They are not in a humor to be talked to now. Passion rules the hour. Under these circumstances, it is of the utmost importance that you should keep cool - very cool - but at no time forget that your rights are endangered, and at all times bear in mind that in this hour of madness they would be crushed out of existence if entrusted to the Democracy. You must not only think for yourselves, but you must act for yourselves. A failure now to come fully up to the duty of the hour, may cost you the loss of that privilege forever hereafter. "Now is the time, and the accepted time." "Work while it is day, for the night cometh when no man can work." The Government has placed it in your power to perpetuate and preserve all your rights and liberties, and is now anxiously watching to see if you are worthy of the blessings of citizenship. You can easily do all that is required of you. If you have not procured your registration papers, you can get them. Being provided with them, it will be an easy matter to vote. <em>If you never vote again on earth, vote now! </em>The Republican party has thirty or forty thousand majority in the State. Shall we be defeated and go down in disgrace and ignominy? Never! Let us, with uplifted hands and with one united voice, swear by Him who led the children of Israel out of the wilderness, that we will save ourselves from the clutches of the Democracy, and that we <em>will</em> cast our votes in spite of threats and intimidation. Be courageous, not over-bold; prove your manhood by your determination to exercise your rights at the ballot-box fearlessly as men and citizens, exercising a courteous and at all times respectful bearing toward your political opponents, who will, in time, have respect for you because you respect yourselves.<br /><br />We would most earnestly entreat you, for the sake of the common good, to lay upon the altar of a self-sacrificing patriotism, all personal ambition for office. And we implore you not to fritter away your strength upon a divided ticket. If you have local differences, settle them, and settle them <em>now</em>. Have but <em>one</em> ticket in the field, and let that be composed of your best and worthiest men. This is no time to gratify the aspirations of personal friends, nor to seek revenge upon personal enemies. Be united, or all is lost.<br /><br />Then let it be whispered all along the line that, on the 2d day of November next, there is to be an election in which all our rights and liberties are at stake. Then let each and every one, without a single exception, with a prayer to God on his lips, make a firm resolve that he will prove himself worthy of all his rights by going to the ballot-box and casting his vote. Do this firmly and unitedly, and on your way home from the election you may lift your voice in thanks and praise, <em>for the victory will be ours!<br /><br /></em>May God make you profoundly sensible of the importance of the great duty which now devolves upon you.<br /><br />Your friends and fellow-citizens,<br /><br /><a href="http://msstate-exhibits.libraryhost.com/exhibits/show/legislators/james-hill--marshall-county-">JAMES HILL</a>,<br /><a href="http://msstate-exhibits.libraryhost.com/exhibits/show/legislators/e--b--wilbourne--hinds-county-">E. B. WILBOURN</a>,<br /><a href="http://msstate-exhibits.libraryhost.com/exhibits/show/legislators/richard-griggs--issaquena-coun">RICHARD GRIGGS</a>,<br />S. J. IRELAND,<br />N. D. SNEED,<br />LAWRENCE W. MINOR,<br /><a href="http://msstate-exhibits.libraryhost.com/exhibits/show/legislators/william-henderson-foote--yazoo">W. H. FOOTE</a>,<br /><a href="http://msstate-exhibits.libraryhost.com/exhibits/show/legislators/charles-caldwell--hinds-county">CHARLES CALDWELL</a>,<br /><a href="http://msstate-exhibits.libraryhost.com/exhibits/show/legislators/blanche-kelso-bruce">B. K. BRUCE</a>,<br /><a href="http://msstate-exhibits.libraryhost.com/exhibits/show/legislators/thomas-w--stringer--warren-cou">T. W. STRINGER</a>,<br />JOHN BROWN,<br /><a href="http://msstate-exhibits.libraryhost.com/exhibits/show/legislators/george-washington-albright--ma">H. G. W. ALBRIGHT</a>,<br /><a href="http://msstate-exhibits.libraryhost.com/exhibits/show/legislators/gilbert-c--smith--tunica-count">G. C. SMITH</a>,<br />W. H. HARNEY,<br />And many others.
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<em>Daily Mississippi Pilot</em> clipping
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Daily Mississippi Pilot
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1875-10-29
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<a href="http://msstate-exhibits.libraryhost.com/exhibits/show/legislators/james-hill--marshall-county-">Hill, James, 1846-1903</a>; <a href="http://msstate-exhibits.libraryhost.com/exhibits/show/legislators/e--b--wilbourne--hinds-county-">Welborne, Eugene Bonaparte, -1934</a>; <a href="http://msstate-exhibits.libraryhost.com/exhibits/show/legislators/richard-griggs--issaquena-coun">Griggs, Richard, -1883</a>; <a href="http://msstate-exhibits.libraryhost.com/exhibits/show/legislators/william-henderson-foote--yazoo">Foote, William Henderson, 1843-1883</a>; <a href="http://msstate-exhibits.libraryhost.com/exhibits/show/legislators/charles-caldwell--hinds-county">Caldwell, Charles, -1875</a>; <a href="http://msstate-exhibits.libraryhost.com/exhibits/show/legislators/blanche-kelso-bruce"><span>Bruce, Blanche Kelso, 1841-1898</span></a>; <a href="http://msstate-exhibits.libraryhost.com/exhibits/show/legislators/thomas-w--stringer--warren-cou">Stringer, Thomas W., 1815-1893</a>; <a href="http://msstate-exhibits.libraryhost.com/exhibits/show/legislators/george-washington-albright--ma"><span style="font-weight:400;">Albright, George Washington, 1846-1944</span></a>; <a href="http://msstate-exhibits.libraryhost.com/exhibits/show/legislators/gilbert-c--smith--tunica-count">Smith, Gilbert C.</a>
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Dublin Core
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Title
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Against All Odds: The First Black Legislators in Mississippi
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DeeDee Baldwin<br /><em>Assistant Professor, History Research Librarian</em><br /><a href="mailto:dbaldwin@library.msstate.edu">dbaldwin@library.msstate.edu</a>
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The body of <a href="http://msstate-exhibits.libraryhost.com/exhibits/show/legislators/william-henderson-foote--yazoo">W. H. Foote</a>, who was killed at Yazoo City on Saturday night, will be brought to this city for interment.
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Title
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<em>Vicksburg Evening Post</em> clipping
Subject
The topic of the resource
<a href="http://msstate-exhibits.libraryhost.com/exhibits/show/legislators/william-henderson-foote--yazoo"><span style="font-weight:400;">Foote, William Henderson, 1843-1883</span></a>
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Vicksburg Evening Post
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1883-12-31
foote
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Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
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Against All Odds: The First Black Legislators in Mississippi
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DeeDee Baldwin<br /><em>Assistant Professor, History Research Librarian</em><br /><a href="mailto:dbaldwin@library.msstate.edu">dbaldwin@library.msstate.edu</a>
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FROM YAZOO<br /><br />Particulars of the Lynching - Verdict of the Coroner's Jury.<br /><br />YAZOO CITY, MISS., Dec. 31. Notwithstanding the decision of the citizens' meeting, a large number of the first citizens of the county believed that swift retribution was the only way to prevent such occurrences as those of Monday night, and so on Saturday armed men began gathering here from all parts of the county, and about 7 o'clock a party of 200 men went to the jail and forced the guard to deliver the keys.<br /><br />Bob Swayze was the first one to suffer, and was soon hanging from the high fence surrounding the jail.<br /><br />Next the cell of <a href="http://msstate-exhibits.libraryhost.com/exhibits/show/legislators/william-henderson-foote--yazoo">W. H. Foote</a> was opened. He fought like a lion, and knocked Alf. Fatheree in the head with a piece of iron, and Fatheree was also shot in the foot. <a href="http://msstate-exhibits.libraryhost.com/exhibits/show/legislators/william-henderson-foote--yazoo">Foote</a> was then riddled with bullets.<br /><br />Richard Gibbs' cell could not be opened and the crowd forced the other prisoners confined in the cell with him to hold a light, and then shot him, and forced his cell mates to put a rope around his neck, and he was then hung in the cell.<br /><br />Micajah Parker was hung from the banisters in the jail.<br /><br />The party made quick work, were quiet and orderly, and dispersed as soon as their work was done. For some days there were rumors on the streets that the prisoners would be tried in Hinds county, and fears that they would escape merited punishment probably hastened their doom. <br /><br />The citizens here feel that though the punishment was terrible it was just and right.<br /><br />The body of <a href="http://msstate-exhibits.libraryhost.com/exhibits/show/legislators/william-henderson-foote--yazoo">Foote</a> was sent to Vicksburg this morning for burial.<br /><br />VERDICT OF THE CORONER'S JURY.<br /><br />The Coroner's Jury reported yesterday as follows: We, the jury, summoned and sworn, after proper and full investigation of the occurrence of last night, render our verdict as follows: That on the night of Dec. 29th, at the jail of Yazoo county, between the hours of seven and eight o'clock, a body of unknown men, armed and fully equipped, did take possession of said jail and the bodies of <a href="http://msstate-exhibits.libraryhost.com/exhibits/show/legislators/william-henderson-foote--yazoo">W. H. Foote</a>, Micajah Parker, Robt Swayze, and Richard Gibbs, and killed them as follows: <a href="http://msstate-exhibits.libraryhost.com/exhibits/show/legislators/william-henderson-foote--yazoo">W. H. Foote</a> came to his death by parties unknown; Second - Robt. Swayze came to his death by being hung, and also by being cut in the neck with some kind of instrument unknown to the jury; Third - Micajah Parker came to his death by being hung; Fourth - Richard Gibbs came to his death by gun shot.<br /><br />All the parties concerned are unknown.<br /><br />The trial of the rest of the conspirators has been set for to-morrow.
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
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<em>Vicksburg Evening Post</em> clipping
Subject
The topic of the resource
<a href="http://msstate-exhibits.libraryhost.com/exhibits/show/legislators/william-henderson-foote--yazoo"><span style="font-weight:400;">Foote, William Henderson, 1843-1883</span></a>; Yazoo City (Miss.); Lynching--Mississippi
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Vicksburg Evening Post
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1883-12-31
foote
lynching
violence
yazoo
-
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Against All Odds: The First Black Legislators in Mississippi
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DeeDee Baldwin<br /><em>Assistant Professor, History Research Librarian</em><br /><a href="mailto:dbaldwin@library.msstate.edu">dbaldwin@library.msstate.edu</a>
Text
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Yazoo Republicans Who Voted the Democratic Ticket.<br /><br />Yazoo Democrat.]<br /><br />Below we give the names of some few Republicans, who voted the Democratic ticket, with exception of Congressmen. We extend the hand of welcome, friends, and rejoice to know that you aided us in redeeming our beloved Yazoo:<br /><br /><a href="http://msstate-exhibits.libraryhost.com/exhibits/show/legislators/william-henderson-foote--yazoo">W. H. Foote</a>, Circuit Clerk; W. A. Morgan, Sup. Education; S. G. Bedwell, Postmaster; Houston Burrus, Treasurer; T. D. Morrin, Assessor; J. C. Wilson, Justice of the Peace, and Clark Smith, Deputy Sheriff.
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<em>Clarion-Ledger</em> clipping
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<a href="http://msstate-exhibits.libraryhost.com/exhibits/show/legislators/william-henderson-foote--yazoo"><span style="font-weight:400;">Foote, William Henderson, 1843-1883</span></a>; Yazoo County (Miss.)
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Clarion-Ledger
Date
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1875-12-01
foote
yazoo
-
https://msstate-exhibits.libraryhost.com/files/original/0d59e611fceeeaa366e904c81167a521.PNG
d52fc52985895a1701f17b426abae6cd
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
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Against All Odds: The First Black Legislators in Mississippi
Creator
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DeeDee Baldwin<br /><em>Assistant Professor, History Research Librarian</em><br /><a href="mailto:dbaldwin@library.msstate.edu">dbaldwin@library.msstate.edu</a>
Text
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HON. <a href="http://msstate-exhibits.libraryhost.com/exhibits/show/legislators/william-henderson-foote--yazoo">W. H. FOOTE</a>, Clerk of the Circuit Court of Yazoo county, who was wounded in the Yazoo difficulty of the 1st ultimo, was in the city Friday, the 1st instant. We are happy to state that, although the injury received by Mr. <a href="http://msstate-exhibits.libraryhost.com/exhibits/show/legislators/william-henderson-foote--yazoo">Foote</a> was of a very dangerous nature, he is able to be about comfortably and has almost entirely recovered. This is the fifth time that Mr. <a href="http://msstate-exhibits.libraryhost.com/exhibits/show/legislators/william-henderson-foote--yazoo">Foote</a> has been the recipient of bullets.
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Title
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<em>Weekly Mississippi Pilot</em> clipping
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The topic of the resource
<a href="http://msstate-exhibits.libraryhost.com/exhibits/show/legislators/william-henderson-foote--yazoo"><span style="font-weight:400;">Foote, William Henderson, 1843-1883</span></a>; Yazoo County (Miss.)
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Weekly Mississippi Pilot
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1875-10-02
foote
violence
yazoo
-
https://msstate-exhibits.libraryhost.com/files/original/9c01feb6ef1034901c8af05a97c4e912.PNG
b0d028f4161adbc0f04c43f2593eb580
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Title
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Against All Odds: The First Black Legislators in Mississippi
Creator
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DeeDee Baldwin<br /><em>Assistant Professor, History Research Librarian</em><br /><a href="mailto:dbaldwin@library.msstate.edu">dbaldwin@library.msstate.edu</a>
Text
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A RIOT IN YAZOO CITY - THE NATURAL RESULT OF RADICAL TEACHING.<br /><br />From the Yazoo Banner, Sept. 21.<br /><br />It has been reported around Yazoo City, for many days, that the emissaries of Morgan had been going through the negro portions of the county, attempting to array the colored men against the white man, by telling them if the white people succeed in getting control of the county, that the negro would get but three dollars per month, and the white people by legislation would control these things.<br /><br />The Radicals held a meeting here last night, and Morgan, the Sheriff, and the leader of the poor negroes, attempted to reiterate the same sentiments, when a question was asked him by a gentleman, which was abruptly answered, and led to the riot.<br /><br />A pistol shot was fired from the centre of the gallery at Mr. Henry Dixon, which grazed his head and struck Mr. Ed. Drenning in the shoulder and wounded Dr. Moore, slightly; another pistol was fired from the left at Mr. Dixon, by a negro named Jim Clark, when the melee commenced in good earnest. Many shots were fired, perhaps more than forty.<br /><br />When the smoke of battle cleared off, there laid on the floor Dick Mitchell, who died in a few hours, and <a href="http://msstate-exhibits.libraryhost.com/exhibits/show/legislators/william-henderson-foote--yazoo">W. H. Foote</a>, the Circuit Clerk, supposed to be badly shot. We regret the death of Dick Mitchell - he was a brave man, but forfeited his life by joining Morgan and our enemies, and drawing his sword in their defense.<br /><br />How Mr. Dixon escaped from the shots that were intended for him, is almost a miracle. His coat was literally perforated.<br /><br />The shooting ended at Wilson's Hall; the fire bells were rung and the city picketed. At 11 P.M. all was quiet. Morgan and Everett left the city.
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Title
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<em>Weekly Mississippi Pilot</em> clipping
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<a href="http://msstate-exhibits.libraryhost.com/exhibits/show/legislators/william-henderson-foote--yazoo"><span style="font-weight:400;">Foote, William Henderson, 1843-1883</span></a>; Yazoo City (Miss.); Morgan, A. T. (Albert Talmon)
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Weekly Mississippi Pilot
Date
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1875-10-02
foote
morgan
violence
yazoo
-
https://msstate-exhibits.libraryhost.com/files/original/5e71ed65b3cb959565e6769ee0fc3047.PNG
669882c73c8bdeaf61fd0637f764856b
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Title
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Against All Odds: The First Black Legislators in Mississippi
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DeeDee Baldwin<br /><em>Assistant Professor, History Research Librarian</em><br /><a href="mailto:dbaldwin@library.msstate.edu">dbaldwin@library.msstate.edu</a>
Text
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IS IT A FORGERY OR NOT?<br /><br />From the Yazoo Herald, Sept. 10.<br /><br />It seems that <a href="http://msstate-exhibits.libraryhost.com/exhibits/show/legislators/william-henderson-foote--yazoo">W. H. Foote</a>, the negro Circuit Clerk of this county, has recently appeared in a new role, this time in the character of a card writer to the Jackson Times, in which he makes bold to declare, with a sort of <em>ex cathedra</em> air, that the letter signed Benjamin Franklin Eddin, addressed to a colored man at Demopolis, Ala., and which was recently reproduced in the Democrat, of this city, and also in the Herald, "is, if any such letter was written to any such person, a forgery." The statements contained in said letter, quoth <a href="http://msstate-exhibits.libraryhost.com/exhibits/show/legislators/william-henderson-foote--yazoo">Foote</a>, that the colored people in the county are preparing for the election by buying arms and ammunition, are "slanderous - the whole thing a malicious fabrication."<br /><br />We happen to have in our possession the original of the letter which <a href="http://msstate-exhibits.libraryhost.com/exhibits/show/legislators/william-henderson-foote--yazoo">Foote</a> pronounces a forgery, and the beauty of it is that Benjamin Franklin Eddin, the same who wrote it, has been interviewed upon the subject by the gentleman who is in charge of the place (the Dickson place), on which he is making crop, and he did not deny writing it, and he certainly ought to know more about the matter than <a href="http://msstate-exhibits.libraryhost.com/exhibits/show/legislators/william-henderson-foote--yazoo">Foote</a>, who really knows nothing at all. That Eddin may have written falsely when he wrote to his friend in Alabama, that the colored people have "sixteen hundred army guns, all prepared for business," may be possible, but that he so wrote is beyond question; and more, he does not even pretend to deny it. As the Jackson Times and the PILOT have both given circulation to <a href="http://msstate-exhibits.libraryhost.com/exhibits/show/legislators/william-henderson-foote--yazoo">Foote</a>'s card, denying the authenticity of the letter signed Benjamin Franklin Eddin, pronouncing it a forgery, they should now, as an act of justice, make room for a statement to the effect that <a href="http://msstate-exhibits.libraryhost.com/exhibits/show/legislators/william-henderson-foote--yazoo">Foote</a> was guilty of an egregious misrepresentation when he wrote what he did in regard to that famous document.
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<em>Daily Mississippi Pilot</em> clipping
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<a href="http://msstate-exhibits.libraryhost.com/exhibits/show/legislators/william-henderson-foote--yazoo"><span style="font-weight:400;">Foote, William Henderson, 1843-1883</span></a>
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Daily Mississippi Pilot
Date
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1875-09-26
foote
-
https://msstate-exhibits.libraryhost.com/files/original/26a1522622985a905e288203f4a3b4fb.PNG
90db601b1d3ad89820e43ff6fd5970f8
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The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
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Against All Odds: The First Black Legislators in Mississippi
Creator
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DeeDee Baldwin<br /><em>Assistant Professor, History Research Librarian</em><br /><a href="mailto:dbaldwin@library.msstate.edu">dbaldwin@library.msstate.edu</a>
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THE YAZOO RIOT.<br /><br />Incited by A. T. Morgan's Incendiary Harangue.<br /><br />An Attempt by Radical Leaders to Maltreat a Colored Conservative.<br /><br />A Fight - Two Men Killed - And a Flight.<br /><br />Yazoo Herald.]<br /><br />While A. T. Morgan, the Radical sheriff of this county, was speaking, Wednesday night, at Wilson's hall, upon political matters, a row occurred between a white man and a negro in regard to something said by the speaker, in which Dick Mitchell, a desperate man and one of the rising luminaries in the Radical firmament was killed by a pistol shot, the ball striking him in the neck and resulting as before stated, fatally - and <a href="http://msstate-exhibits.libraryhost.com/exhibits/show/legislators/william-henderson-foote--yazoo">W. H. Foote</a>, the negro circuit clerk of this county, wounded so severely that his life is despaired of by his physician. Dr. Moore's coat was perforated by a large sized ball, while Mr. Ed. Drenning received a slight wound in the shoulder.
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<em>Clarion-Ledger</em> clipping
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<a href="http://msstate-exhibits.libraryhost.com/exhibits/show/legislators/william-henderson-foote--yazoo"><span style="font-weight:400;">Foote, William Henderson, 1843-1883</span></a>; Yazoo City (Miss.); <span style="font-weight:400;">Morgan, A. T. (Albert Talmon)</span>
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Clarion-Ledger
Date
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1875-09-08
foote
morgan
violence
yazoo
-
https://msstate-exhibits.libraryhost.com/files/original/3431136ba4dc01e938dc9520ea3c6fe2.PNG
1f36b2db7b4c5fd07643c29f30ba6fae
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
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Against All Odds: The First Black Legislators in Mississippi
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DeeDee Baldwin<br /><em>Assistant Professor, History Research Librarian</em><br /><a href="mailto:dbaldwin@library.msstate.edu">dbaldwin@library.msstate.edu</a>
Text
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The Radical Congressional Convention.<br /><br />Last Friday, the 20th inst., was one of the darkest days in all the history of Madison county. At an early hour, in fact a day before, the delegates from the different counties began to pour in. There was white man and nigger, and the cross between the two; there was the carpet-bagger and scalawag - murderer and thief, high born and low born; men who were once respectable and respected, and others, who, never were and never will be. At 12 o'clock sharp, the Convention was called to order, and the color line and stench drawn by electing the Rev. (?) Senator <a href="http://msstate-exhibits.libraryhost.com/exhibits/show/legislators/william-gray--washington-count">Gray</a>, of Washington, chairman, and Chancery Clerk <a href="http://msstate-exhibits.libraryhost.com/exhibits/show/legislators/william-henderson-foote--yazoo">Foote</a>, of Yazoo, secretary, both Warner men - and here the devilment and rascality was immediately begun. A Committee on Credentials was appionted by the Chair, mainly of Warner men, and well it did its work in the interest of that bow-legged, marlplot and trickster. The day was occupied in filibustering and maneuvering, resulting, after several recommittals of reports and recesses in the throwing out of the Niles delegations from Holmes and Newton and the substituting in their stead, of the Warner delegations from those counties, whereby the latter's nomination was secured. When the Niles men found that they were outgeneraled they bolted, leaving the Warnerites masters of the situation and jubilant over their spoils. By sharp practice, Warner and his henchmen numbering eighteen, outgeneraled and put to flight Niles and his cohorts to the number of twenty-four. Conspicuous on the Warner side, voting and actively exerting themselves were <a href="http://msstate-exhibits.libraryhost.com/exhibits/show/legislators/alfred-newton-handy--madison-c">Alfred Handy</a> and Eugene Lieutwiler, neither of whom were delegates to the Convention, yet they no doubt thought it was all right and altogether honest to lie and steal, for they practically lied when they stood up to be counted with those who were entitled to vote, and they virtually stole when they changed the result of the ballots for Warner and against Niles. Yet these two men are proud of what they did, and take great glory to themselves for the part they have taken in the interest of their master. What is to be the result of the bolt we do not know. We understand that the Warner men say it will all come right, that, the bolters will come back, while many of the latter say they never will, no, never. We will see.
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<em>Canton Mail</em> clipping
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Canton Mail
Date
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1875-08-28
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<a href="http://msstate-exhibits.libraryhost.com/exhibits/show/legislators/william-henderson-foote--yazoo"><span style="font-weight:400;">Foote, William Henderson, 1843-1883</span></a>; <span style="font-weight:400;"><a href="http://msstate-exhibits.libraryhost.com/exhibits/show/legislators/william-gray--washington-count">Gray, William, 1841-1919</a>; <a href="http://msstate-exhibits.libraryhost.com/exhibits/show/legislators/alfred-newton-handy--madison-c">Handy, Alfred Newton, -1913</a>; Political conventions</span>
alfred handy
conventions
foote
gray