1 10 44 https://msstate-exhibits.libraryhost.com/files/original/7/2154/obitbio.PNG edee66f1a6b1d1610c33cfbca0e242fc Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Against All Odds: The First Black Legislators in Mississippi Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource DeeDee Baldwin Assistant Professor, History Research Librarian <a href="mailto:dbaldwin@library.msstate.edu">dbaldwin@library.msstate.edu</a> Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Text Any textual data included in the document HONORABLE <a href="http://msstate-exhibits.libraryhost.com/exhibits/show/legislators/james-d--lynch">JAMES LYNCH</a>. The announcement of the death of this estimable gentleman, a few days ago, filled the minds of all who knew him with sorrow at his untimely removal. His funeral took place on the 22d ult. His body was removed from West Jackson to the Capitol, and there laid in state. The Pilot says, “From early morning until the close of the funeral ceremonies in the afternoon, a continuous line of men, women and children was surrounding the body passing in at one door of the Capitol and out at another, after pausing to look upon the cold, calm face of the dead. With the colored people, composing the greater portion of the mourners, many of the highest officials of the State were seen to view the body. And there were not wanting many of the best and most respectable white citizens, who thus evinced their respect for the memory of the man who had so long and so ably marshaled the hosts of the freedmen of Mississippi.” The spacious hall is described as being literally crammed during the ceremonies, which were evidently very imposing as well as impressive. A funeral sermon was delivered by Rev. A. C. McDonald, at the conclusion of which he recited the following: NARRATIVE OF HIS LIFE. Hon. and Rev. <a href="http://msstate-exhibits.libraryhost.com/exhibits/show/legislators/james-d--lynch">James Lynch</a> was born in Baltimore, Maryland, January 8, 1839. His father was a freedman of that city engaged in mercantile pursuits. His mother, a woman of unusual intelligence among her race, had once been a slave, but, on her marriage, her liberty was purchased by her husband. All their children were, therefore, born free. At an early period James, who was a bright active boy, with large head and slender frame, was sent to school. His first teacher was the Rev. Dr. Paine, now and for many years past one of the ablest Bishops of the African M. E. Church, under whose tuition, at eight years of age, he commenced the study of Latin Grammar. On reaching his fourteenth year he was sent to Kimball Union Academy at Meredith, New Hampshire, from which he graduated in his eighteenth year. It was his purpose to have then entered Dartmouth College but, by the failure of his father in business, he was obliged to return home. Soon after he engaged in teaching a school at Jamaica, Long Island, which was continued one year. While at this place he experienced a change of heart and united with the Presbyterian church under the labors of Rev. Amos N. Freeman, who still remains pastor of the same church. Finding that his field of labor in that Church would be greatly restricted, as it contained but very few colored people, and feeling it his duty to preach the gospel, he changed his church relation and joined the Indiana Conference of the African M. E. Church under the superintendence of Bishop Paine, and became an itinerant minister. His first appointment was to Galena, Illinois, where he remained six months, and became acquainted with Miss Eugenia Rice whom he afterwards married. In the spring of 1860 he was stationed at Georgetown, in the District of Columbia, where he remained two years. In 1862, he was stationed at Waters Chapel, Baltimore, where in September of that year, he was married. In May, 1863 he went to South Carolina under the auspices of the American Freedmen’s Association. Here his labors were arduous. He formed various societies in connection with the African M. E. Church; was commissioner of Freedmen’s Affairs under General Saxton, and also filled the position of Chaplain to the 1st South Carolina Regiment of colored soldiers raised under the orders of Gen. Hunter. At the close of the war he returned to Baltimore, and at the ensuing General Conference of his Church, held in May, 1866, was elected editor of the Christian Recorder published at Philadelphia. This position he held two years, and in June, 1867, came to Mississippi. Having connected himself immediately previous to his coming, with the Methodist Episcopal Church, he was employed by Bishop Simpson as Presiding Elder of the South Mississippi District. He was also employed by the Congressional Reconstruction Committee, of which Thaddeus Stevens was Chairman, to canvass the State in the interests of reconstruction. In this field of effort he took an active part in the calling of the Constitutional Convention. In 1868 he was elected State Senator from the District embracing Hinds and Rankin counties, but, as the Constitution was defeated, never qualified. In 1869 he was appointed by General Howard Assistant Superintendent of Education for the freedmen. Early in the spring of the same year he commenced in connection with Mr. <a href="http://msstate-exhibits.libraryhost.com/exhibits/show/legislators/james-j--spelman--madison-coun">J. J. Spellman</a>, the publication of the Colored Citizen’s Monthly, devoted both to the interests of religion and of the Republican party. This publication was financially, a failure but did good service for the cause he had at heart. In the fall of the same year (1869) he was nominated for the responsible and honorable office of Secretary of State, and elected by a large majority which office he filled up to the time of his decease. LABORS IN THE MINISTRY. While deeply engrossed with official cases and excessive campaign labors, he found time to devote to the care of Jackson District, over which he presided four years. At the last annual Conference of his Church he was appointed to Crystal Springs District, and was also elected a delegate to the General Conference, which met last May in Brooklyn, and before which he made a most effective speech on the subject of a colored Bishop. His position that there should be no discrimination either against or in favor of colored men for that high position, but that it should be determined alone by personal qualifications, met with an almost unanimous endorsement from the General Conference. But such was the impression made by his speech that there is little doubt, had he been free from political entanglements and influences, he would have been one of the number elected to that ecclesiastical position. From Brooklyn he repaired to Philadelphia and took his seat as a delegate from Mississippi to the Convention that nominated Gen. Grant. His speech before that Convention was complimented as one of the most brilliant there delivered. The nominations made, he entered most heartily into the Presidential campaign and in New York City, and in various portions of Indiana and Mississippi, made some of the most powerful political speeches of his life. But his excessive labors were telling on a constitution already enfeebled with disease. When he returned home his health was greatly impaired. A cough, which had followed him from infancy, was developing alarming symptoms. Other obstinate diseases were preying upon him, and though neither his friends nor himself expected so sudden a termination, he slowly declined till, on the morning of December 18th, the weary wheels of life stood still. Such, in brief, is the outline of a life which crowded into the space of thirty-three years such unwonted activities. But I should feel that these memorial services were strikingly incomplete if they failed to recognize Brother <a href="http://msstate-exhibits.libraryhost.com/exhibits/show/legislators/james-d--lynch">Lynch</a> in his true character as A LEADER AMONG HIS PEOPLE. He was a born leader, and a careful analysis will show that he had all the essential elements of leadership. He had fine natural abilities, thorough culture, large knowledge of human nature, unusual tact, pleasing address, ready power of oratory, quick discernment, and a great opportunity considered in reference to the great purpose of his life. He lived exactly at the right time. Only twenty-two years of age when the storm of war burst upon the country, enough of quiet had been enjoyed by him before that event to secure the mental culture indispensable to future success. Then came to him at the most impressible period of life the wonderful revelations of the war. For that war, fearful as it was in itself, with its lurid battle-clouds, its red lines of blood, its carnage-heaped fields, and its black, desolating track, furnished grand lessons to be studied by the lovers of progress. It was an era in humanity that, to the colored man, rolled back the dark years of bondage and brought in the brighter days of liberty. It was to the whole nation a change in the tide of time that started it toward a higher destiny and furnished the occasion when great principles were vindicated on a scale of grandeur unsurpassed before. Then, as the war cloud passed and the smoke of battle was lifted, there rose upon our friend an exciting vision. He saw before him, in all the vividness of the great reality, his entire race in this country, four million strong, standing on the threshold of American civilization, waiting for some strong hand to lead them onward till they should range in line with the progressive races of the earth. Need we wonder that he caught the spirit of a second Moses, and that henceforth all other purposes merged into the one great purpose to lead his race into the newly discovered promised land. But his enthusiasm was not of the type which ignores the difficulties that lie in the path to accomplishment. To his clear mind, more than to most others, were apparent the obstacles to the elevation of his people. To him the war was one of earth’s great judgment days, in whose fearful revealings long and dark chapters were added to the world’s knowledge and estimate of the evils and curses of slavery. He knew, though cautious in expressing this knowledge, in what a shroud of darkness his people were veiled, and the fearful corruption of morals entailed upon them. He felt, and oh, how bitterly he felt it, the weight of that incrusted prejudice that lay upon his race. He knew the fearful crushing out of their manhood, and the blighting of their hopes, and the fears that invaded their hearts. The Red Sea, the barren desert, the weary march, were before him, but, his courage rose above them all. He never despaired of the ultimate elevation of his people. In advocating the rights of his people he relied much upon the power of the press. Through two years at the head of the official paper of his Church, he had acquired experience and skill in the use of the pen. When he came to Mississippi it was his cherished purpose to maintain at least a monthly paper which should plead the cause of his people. In this he was only partially successful, but his incessant efforts in this direction show his appreciation of the agency of the press. He accomplished, however, far more by his unwearying public addresses. His was an eloquent tongue, and all his high gifts of oratory were most assiduously cultivated and employed. There was such fascination of style, smoothness of delivery, earnestness of manner, beauty of illustration, and thrilling pathos in his public efforts as gave him wonderful power over the people. His labors in this, his chosen field, were herculean. Repeatedly he canvassed the State, speaking at all the great centers of population, until comparatively few of his race can be found who have not listened to his eloquent appeals. But that voice is hushed; that gifted tongue is cold and silent; that kindling eye has lost its fire; that heart has ceased to throb; but never, my friends, will you know, never can you estimate the value of the work Brother <a href="http://msstate-exhibits.libraryhost.com/exhibits/show/legislators/james-d--lynch">Lynch</a> has done for you. How constantly did he plan and work for you; how zealously did he guard your interests. Does anyone say he was scheming? Suppose he was. But where has there been a great leader who did not look ahead? Moses was forty years in advance of his age; David was a King in spirit long before he wore a diadem or held a scepter; Isaiah broke forth in rapturous [?] of gospel exhortation six hundred years before Christ came; Jesus was full eighteen centuries ahead of his times. Confess, then, that it is but further proof of the high order of his mind that Brother <a href="http://msstate-exhibits.libraryhost.com/exhibits/show/legislators/james-d--lynch">Lynch</a> was so constantly forecasting the future. His movements were generally wise and exhibited the practical sagacity of his mind. If he changed his Church relation, it was done each time with a view to a wider field. Satisfied with the Presbyterian Church, the Church of his mother’s choice, and his own first love; he went to the African M. E. Church only that he might reach greater numbers of his race. With no cause of complaint against this latter Church, he changed its communion for that of the M. E. Church because on its broad platform, reaching from pole to pole, and stretching to every land beneath the circuit of the sun, was a fitting place for all of every kindred race and tongue to stand. The selection of Mississippi, the key State of the South, as the field of his special labors, as also his conciliatory polity toward the whites, are other illustrations of his practical sagacity. But this earnest worker for his race has passed away. The work he had undertaken was not done. The cherished purposes of his life had not been accomplished when in the solemn midnight hours the summons came. Ah, why was he called so soon? We shall miss him, and in the conflicts that must come, will need him yet again. But never more shall he heed our summons. Never again shall he lead our ranks. And yet he is not wholly gone. His example is living still, and for years to come will be calling his people upward to a higher life. In his own person is shown how high any of his race may rise. In his early and thorough culture, the key of all his success in later life, is a ringing call to all colored youth to engage in the same work of preparation, and to lay foundations on which to build in future years. In his devotion to the right all may imitate him. And now, dearest friend, farewell. With slow and solemn steps shall living hearts bear all that is earthly and mortal to the place of quiet rest. With measured tread shall this vast procession move forward to drop their tears upon the grave. As the sad months roll by affection will bring many a weary pilgrim to kneel beside thy tomb. While by the people, in the choicest casket of memory, shall be treasured remembrance of thy services more beautiful and fragrant than the evergreens and flowers with which they adorn thy resting place. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Weekly Louisianian clipping Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Weekly Louisianian Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1873-01-04 Subject The topic of the resource <a href="http://msstate-exhibits.libraryhost.com/exhibits/show/legislators/james-d--lynch">Lynch, James, 1839-1872</a> bios james lynch obits https://msstate-exhibits.libraryhost.com/files/original/7/2153/innocence.PNG cfdb1c3f3a5166dd67cb0e1ebe40af9f Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Against All Odds: The First Black Legislators in Mississippi Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource DeeDee Baldwin Assistant Professor, History Research Librarian <a href="mailto:dbaldwin@library.msstate.edu">dbaldwin@library.msstate.edu</a> Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Text Any textual data included in the document HON. <a href="http://msstate-exhibits.libraryhost.com/exhibits/show/legislators/james-d--lynch">JAMES LYNCH</a>. - We rejoice with this gentleman over the triumphant vindication of his innocence and acquitted from what has been proved to be a malicious prosecution, which a thorough investigation of the charges established. Immediately following this acquittal about a hundred and fifty citizens addressed the following letter to Mr. <a href="http://msstate-exhibits.libraryhost.com/exhibits/show/legislators/james-d--lynch">Lynch</a>: JACKSON, MISS., July 31st, 1872. Hon. <a href="http://msstate-exhibits.libraryhost.com/exhibits/show/legislators/james-d--lynch">James Lynch</a>; Dear Sir - The undersigned, your fellow-citizens, deeply sympathizing with you, in view of the foul charge which you have so recently been obliged to refute - a charge without foundation in fact - but evidently instigated and concocted by your enemies with the base, malicious intent to ruin your character and blast your honorable aspirations, and congratulating you upon a complete exoneration from all evil intent, as well as a triumphant acquittal, would be glad to show our appreciation of your abilities, and our confidence in you as a man, by listening to an address to be delivered by you at 8 o'clock this evening in the Hall of Representatives. Trusting you will deem it proper to comply with our request, we remain yours respectfully. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Weekly Louisianian clipping Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Weekly Louisianian Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1872-08-17 Subject The topic of the resource <a href="http://msstate-exhibits.libraryhost.com/exhibits/show/legislators/james-d--lynch">Lynch, James, 1839-1872</a> james lynch https://msstate-exhibits.libraryhost.com/files/original/7/2152/distinction.PNG b9d7e3277c44c23e171eff57177b68cf Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Against All Odds: The First Black Legislators in Mississippi Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource DeeDee Baldwin Assistant Professor, History Research Librarian <a href="mailto:dbaldwin@library.msstate.edu">dbaldwin@library.msstate.edu</a> Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Text Any textual data included in the document Distinction on Account of Color. There is much sound truth in the following article from the Monthly Review, published and edited by Hon. <a href="http://msstate-exhibits.libraryhost.com/exhibits/show/legislators/james-d--lynch">James Lynch</a>, at Jackson, Mississippi: “We would advise those who believe it to be for the good of the country that distinction, in the public relations of life, should be made on account of color to be consistent. Consistency alone can protect it. Distinction on account of color, in private life, depends entirely on the will of individuals. None but a fool would call it in question. “Distinction on account of color has one element of power to sustain it, that of prejudice, an almost universal feeling and sentiment among the whites. It has three elements of power opposing it: Reason, conscience, and policy. The fight will go on as long as these elements exist. Without taking a hand in it, we say: Let it go on. And in saying this, it is no more indicated that there should be, or will be a change of the identity of races, than that pine trees should become oak trees, or hickory become walnut, because each grows in the same forest or grove, and basks in the same sun with the others. “It is as much a crime for a colored man not to be proud of his dark or black skin, as it is for a white man to despise it. It is as much a crime to seek to change the African race because it is black, as it is to despise or proscribe the African because he is black.” Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Weekly Louisianian clipping Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Weekly Louisianian; Lynch, James, 1839-1872 Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1872-04-27 Subject The topic of the resource <a href="http://msstate-exhibits.libraryhost.com/exhibits/show/legislators/james-d--lynch">Lynch, James, 1839-1872</a> james lynch https://msstate-exhibits.libraryhost.com/files/original/7/2151/assassination.PNG aaac7d0f58e79f5c49fc681e5038727a Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Against All Odds: The First Black Legislators in Mississippi Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource DeeDee Baldwin Assistant Professor, History Research Librarian <a href="mailto:dbaldwin@library.msstate.edu">dbaldwin@library.msstate.edu</a> Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Text Any textual data included in the document Attempted Assassination of Rev. <a href="http://msstate-exhibits.libraryhost.com/exhibits/show/legislators/james-d--lynch">James Lynch</a>. A most desperate attempt was made to assassinate me at Lexington, Holmes County, Miss., Saturday, March 13th. I visited that place in company with Rev. <a href="http://msstate-exhibits.libraryhost.com/exhibits/show/legislators/edmund-scarborough--holmes-cou">E. Scarborough</a>, Messrs. Frederic Stewart, Jordan, Weatherby and Archey Hartley, arriving at two o'clock, P.M., for the purpose of holding quarterly meeting. By permission of Col. Weston, Sheriff of the County, the use of the Court House was obtained. I appointed Rev. <a href="http://msstate-exhibits.libraryhost.com/exhibits/show/legislators/edmund-scarborough--holmes-cou">E. Scarborough</a> to preach Saturday night. Services commenced at eight o'clock. The Court-house was filled with colored persons mainly; about thirteen whites occupied seats near the door, some of whom indulged in very loud whispering and laughing. One man asked the question "which is <a href="http://msstate-exhibits.libraryhost.com/exhibits/show/legislators/james-d--lynch">Lynch</a>?" Another answered, with an oath, "they are all Lynches." This was done in a ton of voice audible all over the room. About the time Rev. <a href="http://msstate-exhibits.libraryhost.com/exhibits/show/legislators/edmund-scarborough--holmes-cou">Scarborough</a> commenced to preach, five or six men passed from the main Court-room into the jury-room, where they remained about fourteen minutes; they came out hurriedly and went down stairs. One minute afterwards the report of a gun or pistol was heard - evidently proceeding from the rear of the Court-house, and a ball entered the window against which I was sitting, about two inches above my head, and in a perpendicular line with my position. Two pistol shots were fired after this, by some person or persons in the main hall, in front of the Court-room. Intense excitement prevailed, and I hastily left the Court-house with my friends, Messrs. Wetherby and Stewart. There were strong indications that the firing was deliberately planned, and a part of a pre-determined measure to destroy me. I then called on the colored people for protection, and seventeen, strong, valiant men were immediately armed, ready to die in my defence. I sent for the Sheriff, and so critical did he adjudge the situation, that at my earnest solicitation he remained with me until day-break. The scenes of the entire night proved the wisdom of the precaution taken; for about twelve or fifteen men were continually in motion around and about my lodgings, and from thence to a drinking saloon which was kept open until day-light; they also kept a light burning in the Court-house during the entire night. Their imprecations on me were heard by the Sheriff and by the men guarding me. Several stood and counted the number of men picketing outside, and the chances of making a successful attack were duly canvassed. Three of the citizens called on me immediately after the firing, and sought to make me believe that it was simply some torpedoes thrown in by rude boys; but what man does not know the sound of a gun or pistol? They stated that there were no bullet marks; but day-light showed the bullet-hole in the glass. Certainly if torpedoes had been fired, some fragments of them would have been seen; but there was not the slightest sign of anything of the kind. The Constable of the town declared that two shots were fired in the Court-house yard, and then stated that they were fired into the lower steps. Sunday morning I left this delectable locality, though hundreds of colored people had gathered for meeting. As I was about to leave, lawyer Gwin pledged protection. It is a significant fact that when this protection was needed - when the firing at the Court-house was heard all over town - heard by the Sheriff who was at the time in his bed - when a gang paraded the streets until day-break with apparent hostile intent - it was not offered. I went to Lexington to perform ministerial duty, and neither by word or look, directly or indirectly, did I manifest anything but the most kindly and considerate feeling for the citizens. My only offense was that I was a Radical, and a representative of "The Northern Church." Free speech and religious toleration does not exist in Mississippi. A man is not secure in his person, on a highway and back from the railroads, if he is known to be an active preacher of the Methodist Episcopal Church of the United States, or a Radical of public influence. Of this the above facts are the proof. Every one knows that the civil authorities are powerless or indisposed in all cases to afford the necessary protection. I propose to test the matter; whether free speech is to be allowed or not. Whether the colored man shall enjoy the right of attaching himself to any church organization he may choose. I am prepared to prove that a prominent individual of large influence (whose name I have), in Carroll County, has said I should not officiate in that county. And I expect to be attacked when I go there to preach. This opposition is insane and wicked. I am seeking the elevation of my race. Preaching, instructing and organizing schools for them, I go to localities where there is no school or church; where men take special pains to teach the black man to degrade himself by encouraging him to drink and spend the nights in dancing that should be spent in the school-room. Every man that is not a fool knows that the moral, intellectual and religious elevation of the race is my aim, and they who oppose me do so because they are opposed to the work. Thank God! we have got a good President who says there must be free speech and religious toleration, irrespective of the prejudice of locality, and also a Provisional Governor who will put the entire military force of the State on the war path to restrain those who would rob an American citizen of his dearest rights. <a href="http://msstate-exhibits.libraryhost.com/exhibits/show/legislators/james-d--lynch">JAMES LYNCH</a>. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource The Elevator clipping Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource The Elevator; Lynch, James, 1839-1872 Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1869-06-04 Subject The topic of the resource <a href="http://msstate-exhibits.libraryhost.com/exhibits/show/legislators/james-d--lynch">Lynch, James, 1839-1872</a>; <a href="http://msstate-exhibits.libraryhost.com/exhibits/show/legislators/edmund-scarborough--holmes-cou">Scarborough, Edmund, 1840-</a>; Holmes County (Miss.) holmes county james lynch scarborough violence https://msstate-exhibits.libraryhost.com/files/original/7/2150/challenge.PNG 7e2c8da9e7e0cfbe88541ea62ec733e7 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Against All Odds: The First Black Legislators in Mississippi Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource DeeDee Baldwin Assistant Professor, History Research Librarian <a href="mailto:dbaldwin@library.msstate.edu">dbaldwin@library.msstate.edu</a> Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Text Any textual data included in the document The Rev. <a href="http://msstate-exhibits.libraryhost.com/exhibits/show/legislators/james-d--lynch">James Lynch</a>, a colored preacher of Mississippi, and well known in Baltimore, challenges anyone in the State to discuss the question of suffrage with him before the voters of the State. He remarks: "My color alone should be no objection to an acceptance of this challenge, inasmuch as it will take no part in the task. I will only use my heart, my brains, and my tongue." Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource The Elevator clipping Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource The Elevator Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1868-05-08 Subject The topic of the resource <a href="http://msstate-exhibits.libraryhost.com/exhibits/show/legislators/james-d--lynch">Lynch, James, 1839-1872</a> james lynch https://msstate-exhibits.libraryhost.com/files/original/7/2149/convention.PNG 56f07e1aabe943cce21cc44d43a16f8b Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Against All Odds: The First Black Legislators in Mississippi Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource DeeDee Baldwin Assistant Professor, History Research Librarian <a href="mailto:dbaldwin@library.msstate.edu">dbaldwin@library.msstate.edu</a> Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Text Any textual data included in the document Proceedings of the State Convention. FIRST DAY – MORNING SESSION. Pursuant to the call of the Executive Committee, issued May 27th, 1865, the Convention of the Colored People of this State met in St. John’s Chapel, A.M.E. Church, at 10 A.M., August 7th, 1865. […] The Rev. <a href="http://msstate-exhibits.libraryhost.com/exhibits/show/legislators/james-d--lynch">James Lynch</a>, of Baltimore, Missionary in South Carolina and Georgia responded to a call, and in a most eloquent and stirring speech spoke of the rights which had already been achieved, and those which were yet to be gained. The speaker made telling hits, and keeps the audience thoroughly awakened. Among other things he said: We are engaged in a serious task; we have met here to impress upon the white men of Tennessee, of the United States, and of the world, that we are part and parcel of the American Republic. For four years this country has been [?] in war. This war, while it has decided the permanency of the nation, has not been without its influence upon us, and by its operations the shackles have been broken from the limbs of our race in America. In pursuance of the great work thus begun, we are here, by our counsels and by humble petition, to secure for ourselves the full recognition of our rights as men. We make no account of the wrongs and oppressions of the past, but would act for the future. We cherish no hostility to the whites; we love them, as we ever did, and if they be loyal men, we love the Southern men even better than the Northern. We simply ask for those inalienable rights which are declared inalienable. Why should we not have them? In the past struggle, when the nation stood trembling upon the verge of the precipice, the black man came to the rescue, his manhood was recognized in that hour of national trial, and why? From necessity – and I tell you, my hearers, that necessity will secure us our full recognition as freemen and citizens of this glorious republic. We were needed to fill up the army, we were needed to supply the place of copperhead conscripts who had no stomach for the fight. Senator Saulsbury, of Delaware, a drunken scoundrel, [here don’t misunderstand me, I do not wish to abuse any officer of the Government, but as he was understood to belong more to the Confederacy, I will speak of him,] said the whole negro race of America could be swept from the earth without loss; but even he found use for us, and the question of political power in this country will soon present another necessity which will give us the ballot box. There has been by implication unfriendly legislation in Tennessee, but Tennessee, proud and noble as she is, has a master, and that master is the United States. That master has decided that we are entitled to our oaths. The Freedman’s Courts will hear us when we swear for the maintenance of our rights. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Colored Tennessean clipping Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Colored Tennessean Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1865-08-12 Subject The topic of the resource <a href="http://msstate-exhibits.libraryhost.com/exhibits/show/legislators/james-d--lynch">Lynch, James, 1839-1872</a> james lynch https://msstate-exhibits.libraryhost.com/files/original/7/2148/african.PNG 67b96643bf7a4d02f7f2a5861c3699a2 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Against All Odds: The First Black Legislators in Mississippi Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource DeeDee Baldwin Assistant Professor, History Research Librarian <a href="mailto:dbaldwin@library.msstate.edu">dbaldwin@library.msstate.edu</a> Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Text Any textual data included in the document LET THE WORD AFRICAN BE STRICKEN FROM THE DISCIPLINE OF THE CHURCH. BY REV. <a href="http://msstate-exhibits.libraryhost.com/exhibits/show/legislators/james-d--lynch">JAMES LYNCH</a>. The opinions expressed in an article written on this subject about a year since are again introduced. The sequel has proved and is still proving their correctness. The times in which we live, pregnant with the events that promise to the colored race the enjoyment of equal rights in this land, demand of every one an earnest consideration on this subject. Let us seriously weigh the reasons why the word “African” should be stricken out of our discipline. 1. Because it signifies that our Church is built upon the basis of color. The word African in our denominational title does not signify a distinctive feature in doctrine or of ecclesiastical polity, nor the locality of the Church, and therefore is not a legitimate term, as any one of these conditions would be necessary to make it so. 2. Because we are not Africans, but a mixed race, mingling Saxon, Indian and African blood, and if you take the whole Church, it is doubtful if the latter predominates. 3. Because the word “African” in the denominational title suggests the idea of the formation of all persons of African descent into a separate nationality and is a tacit recognition of the prejudice of the whites, and the expression of an avowed willingness to yield thereto. 4. Because color of skin, as an issue in this nation is fast passing away, faster than any political issue so great in extent, has ever moved in any country or any age of the world. Surely he who looks will wonder, and declare that the hand of the Great God has been laid upon it. The progressive and far seeing portion of our Church disclaim the idea that it is an organization for colored persons exclusively. A position otherwise taken would be opposition to the great statesmen who have attacked and killed the national proscriptive laws, and written upon the forehead of American prejudice, “Thy days are numbered.” It would be meeting our Phillips, and Tiltons, and Beechers, and Cheevers, and Channigs on the platform before thousands of their fellow-citizens and saying, “Still tongue we want, not your aid.” But still the retention of the word “African” in our denominational title places us just in that position. Unless this word be stricken out, our organization will be a waning power in this nation; intelligence and progression will drift from it, and it will become a decaying hulk grounded on the erroneousness of its own position. We are now called upon to manfully battle against prejudice and for equal political rights, and an equal share of the privileges of the institutions of this land. We are to battle for our rights to use the Public Library, to share the privileges of the Historical and Scientific societies, the Academy and the College. We cannot start all these on our own account. Sympathy with the whites should everywhere be cultivated and encouraged, and all our actions and expressions so shaped as to be in eager anticipation of that fast approaching day when prejudice shall be no more. [Christian Recorder. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource New Orleans Tribune clipping Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource New Orleans Tribune; Lynch, James, 1839-1872 Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1865-06-09 Subject The topic of the resource <a href="http://msstate-exhibits.libraryhost.com/exhibits/show/legislators/james-d--lynch">Lynch, James, 1839-1872</a> james lynch https://msstate-exhibits.libraryhost.com/files/original/7/2144/apology.PNG 6c75d5c4fa769ce70277190e15572819 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Against All Odds: The First Black Legislators in Mississippi Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource DeeDee Baldwin Assistant Professor, History Research Librarian <a href="mailto:dbaldwin@library.msstate.edu">dbaldwin@library.msstate.edu</a> Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Text Any textual data included in the document Apology to the People of Hinds. JACKSON, MISS., June 16, 1871. Editors Clarion: – Presuming on your kind courtesy, I ask the favor that you will publish this communication. The letter published over the signature of John C. Tucker in your last issue places that person before the public in a light which demands from me some apology or explanation to the people of Hinds county and this Commonwealth for my part in the appointment of such a man to the office of Superintendent of the Schools in this county. At the time of his appointment, Mr. Tucker was a stranger to me. I knew nothing of the man’s character except by private representation, and I am therefore only responsible for the mistake of his appointment to the extent of a misapprehension. As a proof of my anxiety to do my duty faithfully, I beg attention to the fact that I lost not a day to demand Mr. Tucker’s removal after I saw plainly what has been declared publicly by the published statement of the Board of Education. I assure the people of Hinds that it was not moved on my part by any consideration of party. Mr. Tucker did not come into this State until after the election; and so far from having in my mind any claim for party service, occupied the position on the other hand of that not desirable class who rush to the field at the close of the battle with horrid greed and desperate energy. Even though I had sympathy with these adventurers, many of whom I am pained to say cause fearful apprehensions in my mind as to the future of my race and the prosperity of this Commonwealth, I certainly should not have been governed by any such wicked sympathy in discharging the most sacred trust of public office, which is the education of the youth. Reserve, prompted by pity for the man as well as by official propriety, would have led me to save Mr. Tucker from the exhibition he has made of himself by his own recital of his ruffianly language to me at the Board of Education. My long residence in the State, and my honorable position in her service saves me from the condescension of replying to that person’s scurrillous violence. A low class of persons, when baffled in their purposes in all other ways, resort as a last expedient to casting filth. Mr. Tucker’s billingsgate may therefore be passed by as of a piece with a very common, though very ruffianly usage, of men of that grade of intellect and character. Indeed so well is this dirt throwing practice of such men understood by the public, that it would receive in this case no notice whatever at my hands, except in the calm contempt of this reference which is necessary to explain the ground on which this apology, and explanation of the appointment of such a man is made. My duty to the good people of Hinds and a respect for decency and honesty demand it. Neither passion, prejudice or blind partisanship shall influence me in the discharge of my duties as citizen or public officer or make me forget that I am the servant of the people, whose decision in regard to myself I trust with the happiest confidence. – Having publicly pledged and solemnly dedicated myself to the holy work of elevating my race, and aiding the development of the new principles of our government, and endeavoring to strengthen a bond of sympathy between races. Being personally known to thousands, Tucker’s foul abuse will fall athwart my pathway with as little effect as the dead leaves of Autumn across that of the well equipped horseman. Very Respectfully Yours, <a href="http://msstate-exhibits.libraryhost.com/exhibits/show/legislators/james-d--lynch">JAMES LYNCH</a>, Secretary of State. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource The Clarion clipping Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource The Clarion Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1871-06-22 Subject The topic of the resource <a href="http://msstate-exhibits.libraryhost.com/exhibits/show/legislators/james-d--lynch">Lynch, James, 1839-1872</a> james lynch https://msstate-exhibits.libraryhost.com/files/original/7/2143/quote.PNG b037e8ac48ddbde7b89b59ab31e3b196 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Against All Odds: The First Black Legislators in Mississippi Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource DeeDee Baldwin Assistant Professor, History Research Librarian <a href="mailto:dbaldwin@library.msstate.edu">dbaldwin@library.msstate.edu</a> Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Text Any textual data included in the document REV. <a href="http://msstate-exhibits.libraryhost.com/exhibits/show/legislators/james-d--lynch">JAMES LYNCH</a>, Secretary of State, and the head of the Northern Methodist Church in Mississippi, was in Raymond on Sunday, and preached in the African Methodist Church. We understand that he says that the Civil Rights Bill was passed by the Mississippi Legislature "not because the colored man desired the society of the white man, for he gets more of that than he wants, when the latter sees an office or a dollar in him." -[Raymond Gazette. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Vicksburg Herald clipping Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Vicksburg Herald Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1872-04-20 Subject The topic of the resource <a href="http://msstate-exhibits.libraryhost.com/exhibits/show/legislators/james-d--lynch">Lynch, James, 1839-1872</a> james lynch https://msstate-exhibits.libraryhost.com/files/original/7/2142/railroad.PNG f49f206e7c8c5f076b36ade18a908c42 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Against All Odds: The First Black Legislators in Mississippi Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource DeeDee Baldwin Assistant Professor, History Research Librarian <a href="mailto:dbaldwin@library.msstate.edu">dbaldwin@library.msstate.edu</a> Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Text Any textual data included in the document There was held a railroad meeting in Raymond last week, at which <a href="http://msstate-exhibits.libraryhost.com/exhibits/show/legislators/james-d--lynch">James Lynch</a> the colored preacher who was locked up in the calabouse some time ago for indulging in too much benzine, was chairman, and <a href="http://msstate-exhibits.libraryhost.com/exhibits/show/legislators/charles-caldwell--hinds-county">Charles Caldwell</a>, a black bird of the same stripe, prepared the resolutions. Some white men were present who wanted to be negroes, but they had to take a back seat. The darkies of Hinds are awakening to their rights and want to monopolize the offices. It won't do, boys, the soul of your union league clubs is the carpet-bag and scalawags element. Do not throw them off, or you'll find yourselves adrift on an unknown sea. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Natchez Bulletin clipping Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Natchez Bulletin Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1869-07-07 Subject The topic of the resource <a href="http://msstate-exhibits.libraryhost.com/exhibits/show/legislators/james-d--lynch">Lynch, James, 1839-1872</a>; <a href="http://msstate-exhibits.libraryhost.com/exhibits/show/legislators/charles-caldwell--hinds-county">Caldwell, Charles, -1875</a> caldwell james lynch