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                  <text>DeeDee Baldwin&lt;br /&gt;&lt;em&gt;Assistant Professor, History Research Librarian&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="mailto:dbaldwin@library.msstate.edu"&gt;dbaldwin@library.msstate.edu&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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              <text>MR. &lt;a href="http://msstate-exhibits.libraryhost.com/exhibits/show/legislators/william-r--landers--jefferson-"&gt;LANDERS&lt;/a&gt; (col.) requests us to publish the following explanation of his vote against the Senate Privilege Tax bill: &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;MR. SPEAKER: I vote "no" on the privilege tax bill, because I believe the bill to be wrong in principle, burdensome to the business interests of the State, and detrimental to that policy that unite capital to the State. In fine, it simply transfers the tax from the large land-holder and capitalist to the struggling business man. &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="http://msstate-exhibits.libraryhost.com/exhibits/show/legislators/william-r--landers--jefferson-"&gt;WM. LANDERS&lt;/a&gt;.</text>
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                <text>&lt;a href="http://msstate-exhibits.libraryhost.com/exhibits/show/legislators/william-r--landers--jefferson-"&gt;Landers, William R.&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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                  <text>DeeDee Baldwin&lt;br /&gt;&lt;em&gt;Assistant Professor, History Research Librarian&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="mailto:dbaldwin@library.msstate.edu"&gt;dbaldwin@library.msstate.edu&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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              <text>[This article mistakenly calls &lt;a href="http://msstate-exhibits.libraryhost.com/exhibits/show/legislators/john-roy-lynch--adams-county-"&gt;John Roy Lynch&lt;/a&gt; "James" throughout. For clarity, I have corrected it to John in my transcript.]&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Politician &lt;a href="http://msstate-exhibits.libraryhost.com/exhibits/show/legislators/john-roy-lynch--adams-county-"&gt;Lynch&lt;/a&gt; also recognized as noted historian&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="http://msstate-exhibits.libraryhost.com/exhibits/show/legislators/john-roy-lynch--adams-county-"&gt;John Roy Lynch&lt;/a&gt; usually is identified in Mississippi as a black member of Congress during the Reconstruction era. He had the distinction of election to the U.S. House of Representatives at the age of 26, after having served as speaker of the Mississippi House of Representatives. After losing his congressional seat to ex-Confederate Gen. J. R. Chalmers in 1876, he was the Republican in the next two elections, and won the 1880 election in a contest before the House.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;It is as a historian, however, that &lt;a href="http://msstate-exhibits.libraryhost.com/exhibits/show/legislators/john-roy-lynch--adams-county-"&gt;Lynch&lt;/a&gt; has gained recent fame for a work of genuine distinction, &lt;em&gt;The Facts of Reconstruction&lt;/em&gt;. The book was based in good part on personal experience and observation, but also upon sound historical research.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;The future congressman was born to a slave mother on Sept. 10, 1847, at Vidalia, La. His father was a planter of Concordia Parish, and promised the child's mother that their son would be freed. The planter's death cancelled the promise, however, and both mother and son were sold across the river to Natchez in 1863. Federal occupation of Natchez soon ended slavery for &lt;a href="http://msstate-exhibits.libraryhost.com/exhibits/show/legislators/john-roy-lynch--adams-county-"&gt;John&lt;/a&gt;. He went to work for a local photographer, and before long was operating his own photography studio.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Taught to read by his mother, and with no formal education, &lt;a href="http://msstate-exhibits.libraryhost.com/exhibits/show/legislators/john-roy-lynch--adams-county-"&gt;John&lt;/a&gt; learned to talk persuasively, and he was soon active among the newly freed black pushing for a part in political life.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="http://msstate-exhibits.libraryhost.com/exhibits/show/legislators/john-roy-lynch--adams-county-"&gt;Lynch&lt;/a&gt; prevailed upon a group of the newly identified black Republicans of Adams County to send him to Jackson to confer with military Gov. Adelbert Ames about various appointments to local offices. The governor heard his plea for his friends, and concluded that the spokesman was worthy of appointment. &lt;a href="http://msstate-exhibits.libraryhost.com/exhibits/show/legislators/john-roy-lynch--adams-county-"&gt;John R. Lynch&lt;/a&gt; wound up a Justice of Peace, age 21.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="http://msstate-exhibits.libraryhost.com/exhibits/show/legislators/john-roy-lynch--adams-county-"&gt;Lynch&lt;/a&gt;'s role as J.P. was brief. Before the end of the year he had been elected to the state House of Representatives, and after three years had won the speakership in a hotly contested election. He left that post to become the member of Congress from the river district which had been created by the Legislature in which he presided.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;The young congressman was the only Republican to survive the Democratic "revolution" of 1875, but he could not survive the next election. He became a legendary national figure in his party, however, when he successfully contested his presumed 1880 defeat by Chalmers, and was seated by vote of his fellow members.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;At the 1880 Republican national convention he had been chosen temporary chairman in one of the rare occasions when such a post is contested. He was placed in nomination by young Henry Cabot Lodge, and seconded by a younger Theodore Roosevelt.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;For 20 years &lt;a href="http://msstate-exhibits.libraryhost.com/exhibits/show/legislators/john-roy-lynch--adams-county-"&gt;Lynch&lt;/a&gt; held appointive posts in Washington under Republican rule, and had considerable influence while Democrat Grover Cleveland was president. The Secretary of Interior, L. Q. C. Lamar, honored &lt;a href="http://msstate-exhibits.libraryhost.com/exhibits/show/legislators/john-roy-lynch--adams-county-"&gt;Lynch&lt;/a&gt;'s request that a group of young Mississippi blacks, all Republicans, be kept in their Washington appointments. (The only person Lamar vetoed was a white who had married a black woman. &lt;a href="http://msstate-exhibits.libraryhost.com/exhibits/show/legislators/john-roy-lynch--adams-county-"&gt;Lynch&lt;/a&gt; accepted his friend's explanation that it was a necessary action to avoid destroying Lamar's Mississippi base.)&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;em&gt;The Facts of Reconstruction&lt;/em&gt; was written after &lt;a href="http://msstate-exhibits.libraryhost.com/exhibits/show/legislators/john-roy-lynch--adams-county-"&gt;Lynch&lt;/a&gt; retired from active politics. Another interesting fact about the book is that it was published by the Neale Publishing Co. of New York. Neale gained wealth as the publisher of Confederate versions of Civil War campaigns and the memoirs of Confederate generals.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="http://msstate-exhibits.libraryhost.com/exhibits/show/legislators/john-roy-lynch--adams-county-"&gt;Lynch&lt;/a&gt;'s &lt;em&gt;Facts&lt;/em&gt; was a broad outline of the story at the state level. It does not cover many details of local government. From his retirement vantage point in Chicago he could not have gathered up these details, even if he had tried to do so. His primary theme was that state government under Reconstruction was little different from that before or afterwards, except for a new concern for education and a different mass of voters.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Perhaps &lt;a href="http://msstate-exhibits.libraryhost.com/exhibits/show/legislators/john-roy-lynch--adams-county-"&gt;Lynch&lt;/a&gt;'s most important achievement as a historian was to sharply critique the work of the first, and most eminent, American historian who accepted the Southern version of Reconstruction history. &lt;a href="http://msstate-exhibits.libraryhost.com/exhibits/show/legislators/john-roy-lynch--adams-county-"&gt;Lynch&lt;/a&gt;'s paper, &lt;em&gt;Some Historical Errors of James Fort Rhodes&lt;/em&gt;, was published in 1922 when he was 75 years old, but establishes his credentials as a valuable historian.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;In 1929, at age 82, &lt;a href="http://msstate-exhibits.libraryhost.com/exhibits/show/legislators/john-roy-lynch--adams-county-"&gt;Lynch&lt;/a&gt; published an essay in the &lt;em&gt;Journal of Negro History&lt;/em&gt; that was a shattering review of Claude G. Bowers' best seller, &lt;em&gt;The Tragic Era&lt;/em&gt;. &lt;a href="http://msstate-exhibits.libraryhost.com/exhibits/show/legislators/john-roy-lynch--adams-county-"&gt;Lynch&lt;/a&gt; called it "The Tragic Error," and pointed out errors of fact and interpretation as Bowers' book related to Mississippi.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;The general recognition of &lt;a href="http://msstate-exhibits.libraryhost.com/exhibits/show/legislators/john-roy-lynch--adams-county-"&gt;Lynch&lt;/a&gt; as a historian came in the 1960s, when &lt;em&gt;Facts of Reconstruction&lt;/em&gt; was reprinted, and gained recognition as an important document of American Reconstruction history.</text>
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              <text>THE REPUBLICANS TAKE GEN. CHALMERS TO THEIR EMBRACE. &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Panola Star.] &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;The Republican Congressional Convention of the Second District met here on the 10th inst., and was called to order by A. L. Davis, Chairman of the Congressional Executive Committee. Except Union, every county in the District was represented. The Convention organized by electing P. Watt Lanier, of Panola, Chairman, Tobe Humphries, of Lafayette, and &lt;a href="http://msstate-exhibits.libraryhost.com/exhibits/show/legislators/d--t--j--mathews--panola-count"&gt;D. T. J. Matthews&lt;/a&gt;, of Panola, Secretaries. A resolution deeming it inexpedient for the Republicans of this District to make a nomination, was passed, and another endorsing the candidacy of Gen. Chalmers, was adopted. When an expression of views was called for, a few speeches seconding the endorsement were made, but they were exceedingly dry and dull, signally failing to evoke enthusiasm. Gen. Chalmers, upon being invited to present himself, appeared and addressed the Convention, accepting with hearty thanks the honor conferred upon him. The General whooped up the boys and by a desperate effort drew forth a few feeble cheers.</text>
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              <text>"THE COLORED CITIZEN," is the style of a new paper about being established in Vicksburg by &lt;a href="http://msstate-exhibits.libraryhost.com/exhibits/show/legislators/henry-mayson--hinds-county-"&gt;Henry Mayson&lt;/a&gt;, editor and proprietor. The following is the prospectus:&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;The Citizen will be devoted to the true interests of the Freedmen of Mississippi. I will advocate freely and fearlessly their civil and political equality - their right and capability to think and act for themselves in all matters pertaining to their own advancement and prosperity, or the well being of the State at large. The Citizen will earnestly endeavor to expose the fallacious arguments of demagogues, and will condemn fraud and deception wherever found.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;The following will be the platform on which the Citizen will be conducted:&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Believing that the interests of THE SOUTHERN PEOPLE ARE IDENTICAL, and that all good men, both black and white, should co-operate in the great work of restoring prosperity and happiness, we shall advocate -&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;"1. That white men and black men shall vote upon the same and equal terms and none other.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;"2. That white men and black men shall hold office upon the same and equal terms and none other.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;"3. That no tax shall be assessed upon a colored man unless a similar tax is assessed upon the white man.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;"4. That not one dollar of the public money shall be appropriated for the education of a white child unless another dollar is appropriated alongside of it for the education of a black child.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;"5. That there shall be no differences or distinctions between persons of different races, except such as the God of nature has created, and such as the rules of politeness and usages of society, and the unfettered common sense of all mankind shall establish and enforce, without the aid of laws."&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;The undersigned confidently appeals to his own people, and to his white friends, to sustain him in this effort.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;The services of able writers, of both colors, have been secured, and apart from its political features, the Citizen will be a first-class paper in every respect; containing full telegraphic and market reports, sketches, poetry, exchange news, miscellaneous matter, &amp;amp;c., &amp;amp;c.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;The price of the Citizen will be $3.50 per annum, payable in advance.</text>
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                  <text>DeeDee Baldwin&lt;br /&gt;&lt;em&gt;Assistant Professor, History Research Librarian&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="mailto:dbaldwin@library.msstate.edu"&gt;dbaldwin@library.msstate.edu&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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              <text>We cheerfully comply with a request to republish from the Vicksburg Times, the Prospectus of a new paper soon to be issued in that city, under the title of the "Colored Citizen," &lt;a href="http://msstate-exhibits.libraryhost.com/exhibits/show/legislators/henry-mayson--hinds-county-"&gt;Henry Mayson&lt;/a&gt; Editor and Proprietor. The conductor has been long known to this community as an upright and remarkably intelligent colored man. The indulgence and care of his former owners gave him the opportunity of learning to read and write, which he industriously improved; and by careful study and practice he has acquired a very correct style of composition. While a slave, he was a close reader of passing events, and the habit then acquired has given him opportunities of comprehending the true interests of his race in its new civil and political relations. We have often thought that a paper conducted by a colored man thus informed, and with sincerely philanthropic motives, would be an instrument of much good to his people in pointing out to them the true road of safety and prosperity; impressing their minds with the nature of the obligations which are imposed by the new responsibilities which have been devolved upon them; and the danger of permitting themselves to be led into a position of antagonism to the great body of the people of the State and section in which their destinies are cast, in the absence of a purpose on their part to deprive them of the right which belongs them as inhabitants of a common country. A paper published by an intelligent colored man, having these objects in view, and determined to carry them out, cannot fail to accomplish much good; and we trust this is the mission which Mayson has resolved to accomplish. He has before him a broad field for useful labor, and if our conjecture of his aims be correct, we hope he may succeed in his undertaking. &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;We observe that the Resolutions of the Conservative meeting recently held at Petersburg, Va. are made the platform of the new paper.</text>
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              <text>A Board of School Directors for this county, headed with &lt;a href="http://msstate-exhibits.libraryhost.com/exhibits/show/legislators/henry-mayson--hinds-county-"&gt;Henry Mayson&lt;/a&gt;, (colored,) was appointed at the last meeting of the Board of Supervisors, but we have not heard that they have as yet organized. -Hinds County Gazette. &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="http://msstate-exhibits.libraryhost.com/exhibits/show/legislators/henry-mayson--hinds-county-"&gt;Henry&lt;/a&gt; was a good barber before he took to politics, but we are not apprized that he has any peculiar qualification for the management of Public Schools. The foregoing announcement will give the public some idea of the way in which the machinery of the school system is to be operated in the Radical counties, where the white people have no rights which the other folks are bound to respect.</text>
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                  <text>DeeDee Baldwin&lt;br /&gt;&lt;em&gt;Assistant Professor, History Research Librarian&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="mailto:dbaldwin@library.msstate.edu"&gt;dbaldwin@library.msstate.edu&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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              <text>The Colored Voters of Lawrence All for Gwin. &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Brookhaven Comet.] &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="http://msstate-exhibits.libraryhost.com/exhibits/show/legislators/henry-mayson--hinds-county-"&gt;Henry Mayson&lt;/a&gt;, the leading colored Republican of Lawrence county, having heard that the colored people of that county would not support Gwin for Auditor, wishes us to correct the report. He says he has encountered Capt. Gwin in every canvass since '68 and fought him with all his might, but in this race he is a Gwin man against anybody, and that there is not a colored voter in Lawrence county who will not most cheerfully support him. The same report comes from the colored people in Pike and Marion counties.</text>
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              <text>MR. &lt;a href="http://msstate-exhibits.libraryhost.com/exhibits/show/legislators/thomas-mccain--desoto-county-"&gt;MCCAIN&lt;/a&gt; (col.) of DeSoto, requested our reporter to publish the following reasons for his voting for the passage of the liquor bill yesterday evening over the Governor's veto:&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;JACKSON, MISS., FEBRUARY 18, 1875.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;My views on the liquor bill: 1st. This is a free country and all men have a right to spend their money as they choose. 2nd. I do not think women have any right to help make laws for the land. When the laws were first handed down, they were handed down to men. 3rd. I have 40 or 50 years of experience which teaches me that I know better how to serve my people than a man who has been here not more than 4 or 5 years. 4th. If these men lately come among us would wait until they became the choice of the people, they would know better how to represent them; while they think they know it all we will assure them that if they would let us alone, the Southern people would all come together so strong that the world could not divide us.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Respectfully,&lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="http://msstate-exhibits.libraryhost.com/exhibits/show/legislators/thomas-mccain--desoto-county-"&gt;THOMAS MCCAIN&lt;/a&gt;.</text>
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                  <text>DeeDee Baldwin&lt;br /&gt;&lt;em&gt;Assistant Professor, History Research Librarian&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="mailto:dbaldwin@library.msstate.edu"&gt;dbaldwin@library.msstate.edu&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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              <text>PUBLIC SPEAKING.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Hon. James L. Alcorn, Republican candidate for Governor, and Mr. &lt;a href="http://msstate-exhibits.libraryhost.com/exhibits/show/legislators/j--w--mcfarland--rankin-county"&gt;J. W. McFarland&lt;/a&gt;, will address the people as follows: at&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Brandon, Monday, October 6th.&lt;br /&gt;Forest, Tuesday, " 7th.&lt;br /&gt;Meridian, Wednesday, " 8th.&lt;br /&gt;Macon, Thursday, " 9th.&lt;br /&gt;Columbus, Friday, " 10th.&lt;br /&gt;Artesia, " " " at night.&lt;br /&gt;Aberdeen, Saturday, " 11th.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Col. Beverly Matthews will join the above named gentlemen at Meridian. All persons, without regard to race or color, are invited to attend.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;J. L. LAKE, JR., Chairman.&lt;br /&gt;W. C. FORD, Secretary.</text>
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                <text>&lt;a href="http://msstate-exhibits.libraryhost.com/exhibits/show/legislators/j--w--mcfarland--rankin-county"&gt;McFarland, J. W., active 1870-1875&lt;/a&gt;; &lt;span&gt;Alcorn, J. L. (James Lusk), 1816-1894&lt;/span&gt;</text>
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                  <text>DeeDee Baldwin&lt;br /&gt;&lt;em&gt;Assistant Professor, History Research Librarian&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="mailto:dbaldwin@library.msstate.edu"&gt;dbaldwin@library.msstate.edu&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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              <text>A Greenback Nominee.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;The Hinds county Greenbackers have nominated &lt;a href="http://msstate-exhibits.libraryhost.com/exhibits/show/legislators/murdock-m--mcleod--hinds-count"&gt;M. M. McLeod&lt;/a&gt;, (slightly colored), for Circuit Clerk. He imported himself from somewhere into Mississippi soon after the war, and has flourished like a green bay tree as a first-class officeholding carpet bagger ever since; in fact, he has lived and literally fattened upon office. He was in the Secretary of States' office under the late &lt;a href="http://msstate-exhibits.libraryhost.com/exhibits/show/legislators/james-d--lynch"&gt;James Lynch&lt;/a&gt;. &lt;em&gt;He was chief in the Sheriff's office under W. H. Harney, the defaulting Sheriff of the county&lt;/em&gt;, and probably could tell as much about that unfortunate administration of the Sheriffalty as any other man in the county. He was deputy in the office of the Internal Revenue Collector under Ex-Governor R. C. Powers; but when Hon. &lt;a href="http://msstate-exhibits.libraryhost.com/exhibits/show/legislators/james-hill--marshall-county-"&gt;James Hill&lt;/a&gt;, a Republican but a genuine Mississippian, was appointed Collector, &lt;a href="http://msstate-exhibits.libraryhost.com/exhibits/show/legislators/murdock-m--mcleod--hinds-count"&gt;McLeod&lt;/a&gt; was summarily dismissed. He has accumulated property by means of these various official positions, building a handsome residence in West Jackson and is reported to be a "bloated bondholder," as who might not, with the same opportunities? Why the Greenbackers have put this nondescript who has feasted and fattened upon his fine salaries wrung out of the sweat and toil of the people, for the last nine years, on their ticket, we are at a lost to know. He is in no sense a representative of the colored race; and they will not so recognize him. He don't represent Mississippians of any class; and his nomination is really an affront to the people of the county. He made a remarkable harrangue in the City Hall, as reported to us a few nights ago, and as his nomination has been made in the face of it, we will have occasion to refer to it again.</text>
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                <text>&lt;a href="http://msstate-exhibits.libraryhost.com/exhibits/show/legislators/murdock-m--mcleod--hinds-count"&gt;McLeod, Murdock M.&lt;/a&gt;; &lt;span&gt;Greenback Labor Party (U.S.); &lt;a href="http://msstate-exhibits.libraryhost.com/exhibits/show/legislators/james-d--lynch"&gt;Lynch, James, 1839-1872&lt;/a&gt;; &lt;a href="http://msstate-exhibits.libraryhost.com/exhibits/show/legislators/james-hill--marshall-county-"&gt;Hill, James, 1846-1903&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;</text>
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